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Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity Volume 11, 2018 - Issue
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Original Research

Hypoglycemic activity and constituents analysis of blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum) fruit extracts

Weifeng Huang1 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College, China Three Gorge University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, China
,
Liangliang Yao2 Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, China
,
Xiao He1 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College, China Three Gorge University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, China
,
Lei Wang1 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College, China Three Gorge University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, China
,
Mingxi Li3 College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China, [email protected]
,
Youxin Yang3 College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China, [email protected]
&
Chunpeng Wan3 College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China, [email protected];4 Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Postharvest Technology and Nondestructive Testing of Fruits & Vegetables, Nanchang 330045, China, [email protected];5 Collaborative Innovation Center of Post-Harvest Key Technology and Quality Safety of Fruits and Vegetables, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China, [email protected]Correspondence[email protected]
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Pages 357-366 | Published online: 17 Jul 2018

Figures & data

Table 1 Primers used for quantitative real-time PCR

Figure 1 Effects of blueberry extract on PPRE activity. (A) Effects of MEB on PPRE activity. (B) Effects of extract Fr.1 of blueberry on PPRE activity. (C) Effects of extract Fr.2 of blueberry on PPRE activity. LO 2 cells were co-transfected with p-PPRE-luc and pSV40-β-galactosidase. After 6 h, the cells were subjected to different extracts of blueberry for 24 h and then harvested for measurement of the luciferase activity. All of the results are presented as the means±SD of three independent experiments (n=3). *p<0.05; ***p<0.001.

Abbreviations: PPRE, peroxisome proliferator response element; MEB, methanol extracts of blueberry; RLU, relative luciferase unit; SD, standard deviation.
Figure 1 Effects of blueberry extract on PPRE activity. (A) Effects of MEB on PPRE activity. (B) Effects of extract Fr.1 of blueberry on PPRE activity. (C) Effects of extract Fr.2 of blueberry on PPRE activity. LO 2 cells were co-transfected with p-PPRE-luc and pSV40-β-galactosidase. After 6 h, the cells were subjected to different extracts of blueberry for 24 h and then harvested for measurement of the luciferase activity. All of the results are presented as the means±SD of three independent experiments (n=3). *p<0.05; ***p<0.001.

Figure 2 Effects of blueberry extracts on NF-κB activity. (A) Effects of MEB on NF-κB activity. (B) Effects of extract Fr.1 of blueberry on NF-κB activity. (C) Effects of extract Fr.2 of blueberry on NF-κB activity. LO2 cells were co-transfected with p-NF-κB-luc and pSV40-β-galactosidase. After 6 h, the cells were subjected to LSP (10 ng/mL) and/or different extracts of blueberry for 24 h, and then harvested for measurement of the luciferase activity. (D) Effects of MEB on p65 expression. (E) Effects of MEB on mRNA expression of TNF-a, IL-1β, and IL-6. The LO2 cells were subjected to LPS (10 ng/mL) and/or different extracts of blueberry for 24 h and then harvested for Western blotting and quantitative real-time RT-PCR. All results are presented as the means±SD of three independent experiments (n=3). *p<0.05; **p<0.01; ***p<0.001.

Abbreviations: NF-κB, transcriptional factor nuclear factor; MEB, methanol extracts of blueberry; LPS, lipopolysaccharides; RT-PCR, real time polymerase chain reaction; SD, standard deviation.
Figure 2 Effects of blueberry extracts on NF-κB activity. (A) Effects of MEB on NF-κB activity. (B) Effects of extract Fr.1 of blueberry on NF-κB activity. (C) Effects of extract Fr.2 of blueberry on NF-κB activity. LO2 cells were co-transfected with p-NF-κB-luc and pSV40-β-galactosidase. After 6 h, the cells were subjected to LSP (10 ng/mL) and/or different extracts of blueberry for 24 h, and then harvested for measurement of the luciferase activity. (D) Effects of MEB on p65 expression. (E) Effects of MEB on mRNA expression of TNF-a, IL-1β, and IL-6. The LO2 cells were subjected to LPS (10 ng/mL) and/or different extracts of blueberry for 24 h and then harvested for Western blotting and quantitative real-time RT-PCR. All results are presented as the means±SD of three independent experiments (n=3). *p<0.05; **p<0.01; ***p<0.001.

Figure 3 Effects of MEB on the mRNA expression of GLUT-2 (A), PPARγ (B), and protein expression of GLUT-2, PPARg (C and D). LO2 cells were maintained in DMEM supplemented with 10% FBS and incubated in a humidified incubator at 37°C in 5% CO2 for 24 h. Then, the cells were further incubated with MEB (100, 200, and 400 μg/mL) for another 24 h. Cells were then collected for quantitative real-time RT-PCR and Western blotting. All of the results are presented as the means±SD of three independent experiments (n=3). *p<0.05; **p<0.01; ***p<0.001.

Abbreviations: MEB, methanol extracts of blueberry; GLUT-2; glucose transporter type 2; PPARγ, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ; DMEM, Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium; FBS, fetal bovine serum; RT-PCR; real time polymerase chain reaction; SD, standard deviation.
Figure 3 Effects of MEB on the mRNA expression of GLUT-2 (A), PPARγ (B), and protein expression of GLUT-2, PPARg (C and D). LO2 cells were maintained in DMEM supplemented with 10% FBS and incubated in a humidified incubator at 37°C in 5% CO2 for 24 h. Then, the cells were further incubated with MEB (100, 200, and 400 μg/mL) for another 24 h. Cells were then collected for quantitative real-time RT-PCR and Western blotting. All of the results are presented as the means±SD of three independent experiments (n=3). *p<0.05; **p<0.01; ***p<0.001.

Table 2 1H-NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) characteristics of flavonol glycosides 1–6 isolated from blueberry extracts

Table 3 1H-NMR (500 MHz, CD3OD) characteristics of compounds 9–12 from blueberry extracts

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