Risk analysis of systemic levels of estrogen and adipokines as well as estrogen receptors from PBMCs in childbearing and perimenopausal women with obesity

Figures & data

Table 1 Obesity-related factors in different populations

Items	Childbearing age		Perimenopausal age		p-value (CO vs CN)	p-value (PO vs PN)	p-value (CO vs PO)
	Obesity	Normal	Obesity	Normal
Age (year)	32.21±5.08	30.59±5.87	49.30±4.66	48.43±4.06			*
Estrogen (pg/mL)	45.40±25.67	78.80±35.83	32.13±29.20	33.86±48.60	*		*
Height (cm)	158.27±4.72	157.52±5.33	156.99±5.48	155.65±5.54
BW (kg)	67.83±7.24	56.02±6.30	67.23±8.33	58.32±4.45	**	*
BMI	27.11±3.04	22.39±2.28	27.30±2.88	24.07±1.45	**	*
Waistline (cm)	89.54±5.99	74.54±4.13	89.41±6.79	76.36±2.73	**	*
VFA (cm^2)	77.08±35.21	38.71±16.50	104.52±25.23	62.19±22.54	**	*	*
SFA (cm^2)	237.73±67.32	135.93±31.65	228.24±57.00	137.68±21.73	**	*
VFA/TFA	0.27±0.16	0.22±0.08	0.30±0.09	0.31±0.09			*
VFA/SFA	0.35±0.20	0.29±0.12	0.43±0.18	0.47±0.20			*
Leptin (ng/mL)	3.55±2.46	1.77±1.32	3.71±2.31	1.99±1.46	**	*
Adiponectin (μg/mL)	23.23±13.74	30.41±15.84	15.85±11.31	29.71±26.53	*	*	*
Visfatin (ng/mL)	66.73±21.21	59.44±26.52	121.91±76.00	75.48±40.41		*	*

Notes: *p<0.05; **p<0.01.

Abbreviations: BW, body weight; BMI, body mass index; VFA, visceral fat area; SFA, subcutaneous fat area; TFA, total fat area, CO, obese women in childbearing age; CN, normal women in childbearing age; PO, perimenopausal women with obesity; PN, perimenopausal women without obesity.

Table 2 Correlations of adipokines with obesity-related factors in women with obesity

Items	Estrogen (pg/mL)				Leptin (ng/mL)				Adiponectin (μg/mL)				Visfatin (ng/mL)
	C		P		C		P		C		P		C		P
	r	p	r	p	r	p	r	p	r	p	r	p	r	p	r	p
Age	−0.106	0.394	−0.313	0.005**	−0.164	0.185	−0.003	0.982	−0.016	0.899	0.098	0.385	0.044	0.722	0.079	0.487
Height	0.099	0.427	0.048	0.67	−0.054	0.664	0.035	0.760	−0.260	0.034*	−0.104	0.361	−0.082	0.508	0.076	0.505
BW	0.044	0.722	0.092	0.415	0.393	0.001**	0.124	0.273	−0.374	0.002**	−0.216	0.054	0.014	0.909	−0.073	0.518
BMI	−0.025	0.843	0.078	0.494	0.419	0.001**	0.135	0.231	−0.206	0.095	−0.177	0.115	0.016	0.897	−0.180	0.111
Waistline	0.052	0.674	0.241	0.031*	0.489	0.001**	0.228	0.042*	−0.424	0.001**	−0.087	0.442	0.126	0.309	−0.257	0.021*
VFA	−0.223	0.07	0.145	0.200	0.163	0.189	0.087	0.445	−0.391	0.001**	−0.197	0.080	0.172	0.164	−0.011	0.925
SFA	0.156	0.209	0.136	0.228	0.521	0.001**	0.269	0.016*	−0.084	0.499	0.027	0.811	0.009	0.945	−0.243	0.030*
VFA/TFA	−0.301	0.013*	0.033	0.771	−0.19	0.123	−0.122	0.28	−0.321	0.008**	−0.231	0.039*	0.113	0.364	0.143	0.207
VFA/SFA	−0.313	0.01**	0.04	0.727	−0.186	0.131	−0.119	0.293	−0.290	0.017*	−0.233	0.038*	0.067	0.592	0.158	0.162

Notes: *p<0.05; **p<0.01. C indicates women of childbearing age; P indicates perimenopausal women.

Abbreviations: BW, body weight; BMI, body mass index; VFA, visceral fat area; SFA, subcutaneous fat area; TFA, total fat area.

Figure 1 Protein expression of ERα, ERβ, and ERα/ERβ in women with and without obesity.

Notes: (A) Representative images of the Western blot analysis of ERα and ERβ. (B) The protein expression of ERα in perimenopausal women with obesity (n=80) was significantly higher than that in perimenopausal women without obesity (n=80); The protein expression of ERα in childbearing women with obesity (n=67) was significantly higher than that in childbearing women without obesity (n=65); the protein expression of ERα in perimenopausal women with obesity was significantly higher than that in women of childbearing age with obesity. (C) The protein expression of ERβ in perimenopausal women with obesity was significantly lower than that in perimenopausal women without obesity; the protein expression of ERβ in childbearing women with obesity was significantly lower than that in childbearing women without obesity. (D) ERα/ERβ shows the same tendency as ERα. However, the ratio exhibits a greater difference; perimenopausal women without obesity exhibited the lowest values, while perimenopausal women with obesity exhibited the highest values. Data are shown as mean ± standard deviation. *p<0.05. C indicates women of childbearing age; P indicates perimenopausal women.
Abbreviations: CO, obese women in childbearing age; CN, normal women in childbearing age; PO, perimenopausal women with obesity; PN, perimenopausal women without obesity.