Clostridioides difficile Ribotype 027 (RT027) Outbreak Investigation Due to the Emergence of Rifampicin Resistance Using Multilocus Variable-Number Tandem Repeat Analysis (MLVA)

Monika Kabała1 Department of Medical Microbiology Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4234-586X

Zygmunt Gofron1 Department of Medical Microbiology Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3601-1356

Małgorzata Aptekorz1 Department of Medical Microbiology Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7343-4702

Krzysztof Sacha1 Department of Medical Microbiology Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7591-1253

Celine Harmanus2 Department of Medical Microbiology Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5328-3273

Ed Kuijper2 Department of Medical Microbiology Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5726-2405

Gayane Martirosian1 Department of Medical Microbiology Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, PolandCorrespondence[email protected]

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0311-0884

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Table 1 Primers, Detecting the Appropriate C. difficile Regions in MLVA^Citation14

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Table 2 Sources, Isolation Time and Age of Patients Infected with C. difficile RT 027 Strains Divided by MLVA into 5 Clusters

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Figure 1 Minimum spanning tree (MST) of isolates from a hospital outbreak of C. difficile in Silesia, Southern Poland by MLVA. Each circle represents either an unique isolate or more isolates that are 100% homologous. The numbers between the circles indicate the summed tandem repeat difference (STRD) on a certain number of alleles (specified by the line style). Within the spanning tree, clonal complexes with a STRD ≤ 2 are marked in light grey (direct transmission very likely) and genetically related complexes with a STRD ≤ 10 are marked in dark grey (transmission likely).

Table 3 MIC50, MIC90, Geometric Mean (GM) MIC Ranges for Antimicrobials Used for C. difficile Isolates

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Clostridioides difficile Ribotype 027 (RT027) Outbreak Investigation Due to the Emergence of Rifampicin Resistance Using Multilocus Variable-Number Tandem Repeat Analysis (MLVA)

Table 1 Primers, Detecting the Appropriate C. difficile Regions in MLVA^Citation14

Table 2 Sources, Isolation Time and Age of Patients Infected with C. difficile RT 027 Strains Divided by MLVA into 5 Clusters

Table 3 MIC50, MIC90, Geometric Mean (GM) MIC Ranges for Antimicrobials Used for C. difficile Isolates

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Clostridioides difficile Ribotype 027 (RT027) Outbreak Investigation Due to the Emergence of Rifampicin Resistance Using Multilocus Variable-Number Tandem Repeat Analysis (MLVA)

Figures & data

Table 1 Primers, Detecting the Appropriate C. difficile Regions in MLVACitation14

Table 2 Sources, Isolation Time and Age of Patients Infected with C. difficile RT 027 Strains Divided by MLVA into 5 Clusters

Table 3 MIC50, MIC90, Geometric Mean (GM) MIC Ranges for Antimicrobials Used for C. difficile Isolates

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Table 1 Primers, Detecting the Appropriate C. difficile Regions in MLVA^Citation14