Sortilin and Homocysteine as Potential Biomarkers for Coronary Artery Diseases

Figures & data

Table 1 Demographic and Biochemical Characteristics of Subjects

	Control Group (n=35)	CAD Group (n=39)	P
Age (years)	43.94±4.61	45.28±6.13	0.30
Sex, male/female	23/12	26/13	1.00^a
BMI (kg/m^2)	32.39±1.52	32.86±1.79	0.22
SBP (mmHg)	127.66±10.44	130.23±7.44	0.22
DBP (mmHg)	82.11±4.27	81.74±3.66	0.70
Smokers, n (%)	12 (34.3)	18 (46.2)	0.35^a
Statin use, n (%)	17 (48.6)	23 (59.0)	0.48^a
Aspirin use, n (%)	10 (28.6)	18 (46.2)	0.15^a
Hypertension, n (%)	10 (28.6)	12 (30.8)	1.00^a
Diabetic, n (%)	10 (28.6)	14 (30.8)	0.62^a
TC (mg/dL)	164.06±22.65	190.32±18.51	0*
LDL-C (mg/dL)	102.52±21.35	123.28±15.43	0*
HDL-C (mg/dL)	34.11±1.79	32.57±1.61	0*
TGs (mg/dL)	135.74±21.00	156.77±24.85	0*
Hs-CRP (mg/L)	6.07±0.89	7.12±1.20	0*
Troponin I (ng/mL)	1.34±0.22	1.49±0.22	0.005*
Gensini score	1.24±0.26	1.50±0.25	0*
Homocysteine (μmol/L)	7.73±2.06	13.75±1.40	0*
Sortilin (ng/dL)	143.02±32.30	160.91±32.17	0.02*

Notes: Data expressed as means ± SD or n (%). ^a#χ² or Fisher’s exact test (two-sided); *P<0.05 (independent t-test).

Abbreviations: BMI, body-mass index; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; TC, total cholesterol; LDL-C, low density–lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C, high density–lipoprotein cholesterol; TGs, triglycerides; Hs-CRP, high-sensitivity CRP.

Figure 1 Flow diagram of the study.

Figure 2 Differences in measured variables between the groups.

Figure 3 Area under ROC curve of the ability of measured variables to predict presence of coronary artery disease.

Table 2 Correlations among Measured Parameters in Both Groups

		LDL	HDL	TG	Troponin I	Hs-CRP	Gensini	Homocysteine	Sortilin
TC	r	0.91**	−0.34**	0.63**	0.61**	0.58**	0.62**	0.65**	0.61**
	P	0	0.003	0	0	0	0	0.02	0
LDL-C	r		−0.30**	0.40**	0.41**	0.35**	0.42**	0.51**	0.37**
	P		0.009	0	0	0.002	0	0	0.001
HDL-C	r			−0.31**	−0.26*	−0.39**	−0.22	−0.42**	−0.21
	P			0.007	0.02	0.001	0.06	0	0.08
TGs	r				0.85**	0.83**	0.91**	0.72**	0.91**
	P				0	0	0	0	0
Troponin I	r					0.74**	0.85**	0.58**	0.82**
	P					0	0	0	0
Hs-CRP	r						0.87**	0.73**	0.87**
	P						0	0	0
Gensini	r							0.71**	0.93**
	P							0	0
Homocysteine	r								0.32**
	P								0.006

Notes: **P<0.01 (two-tailed); *P<0.05 (two-tailed).

Abbreviations: TC, total cholesterol; LDL-C, low density–lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C, high density–lipoprotein cholesterol; TGs, triglycerides; Hs-CRP, high-sensitivity CRP.

Table 3 Logistic Regression Analysis of Sortilin and Homocysteine as Independent Risk Factors of Coronary Artery Disease

	OR	95% CI		P
		Lower	Upper
Homocysteine (μmol/L)	27.503	1.521	497.233	0.025
Sortilin (ng/dL)	1.018	1.002	1.034	0.025

Table 4 Logistic Regression Analysis of Effects of Statin and Aspirin Use and Associated Diseases in Coronary Artery Disease Patients

	OR	95% CI		P
		Lower	Upper
Smoker	0.644	0.197	2.106	0.467
Statins	0.592	0.218	1.605	0.303
Aspirin	0.512	0.178	1.467	0.213
Hypertension	1.138	0.335	3.874	0.836
Diabetes	0.663	0.237	1.860	0.435