A Case-Control Study of the MTHFR C665T Gene Polymorphism on Macrocytic Anemia Among HIV-Infected Patients Receiving Zidovudine

Figures & data

Table 1 Characteristic of HIV Patients Receiving Treatment Regimens Containing AZT ≥ 4 Weeks of Twelve Rural and Urban Public Health Service Facilities with Specific Clinic of HIV in Central Java Province, Indonesia

Characteristics	Total subjects 232 N (%) mean ± SD	Cases Group 116 N (%) mean ± SD	Control Group 116 N (%) mean ± SD	p-value
Gender				<0.001^b
Male	113 (48.7)	39 (33.62)	74 (63.79)
Female	119 (51.3)	77 (66.38)	42 (36.21)
Age (years)	39.01 ± 9.3	41.9 ± 9.4	36.2 ± 8.3	<0.001^a
20–29	36 (15.5)	10 (8.6)	26 (22.4)
30–39	101 (43.5)	46 (39.7)	55 (47.4)
40–49	56 (24.2)	31 (26.7)	25 (21.6)
50–59	39 (16.8)	29 (25.0)	10 (8.6)
Education n (%)				<0.001^b
Low	111 (47.8)	74 (63.8)	37 (31.9)
High	121 (52.2)	42 (36.2)	79 (68.1)
Zidovudine consumption				<0.001^b
≤ 6 months	21 (9.05)	15 (12.9)	6 (5.2)
> 6 months	211 (90.95)	101 (87.1)	110 (94.8)
Haemoglobin (gr%)	12.7 ± 2.0	11.2 ± 1.3	14.3 ± 1.4	<0.001^a
MCV (fL)	109.3 ± 8.9	112.0 ± 7.3	106.6 ± 9.5	<0.001^a
MMA (ng/mL)	11.79 ± 8.12	10.26 ± 4.65	13.31 ± 10.29	<0.001^a
> 24.8	4 (1.7)	1 (0.9)	3 (2.6)
< 24.8	228 (98.3)	115 (99.1)	113 (97.4)
Homocysteine (µmol/L)	11.54 ± 7.09	10.13 ± 5.51	12.95 ± 8.17	<0.001^a
>10	116 (50)	42 (36.2)	74 (63.8)
<10	116 (50)	74 (63.8)	42 (36.2)
MTHFR gene polymorphism				0.45^b
Yes (C665T, T665T)	60 (25.9)	33 (28.4)	27 (23.3)
No (C665C)	172 (74.1)	83 (71.6)	89 (76.7)
PCR RFLP				0.47^b
Genotip CC	172 (74.1)	83 (71.6)	89 (76.7)
Genotip CT	54 (23.3)	32 (27.5)	22 (19.0)
Genotip TT	6 (2.6)	1 (0.9)	5 (4.3)

Notes: ^aIndependent sample t-test. ^bChi-square.

Table 2 Alleles Distribution of HIV Patients Receiving Therapy of Regimens Containing AZT ≥ 4 Weeks in Twelve Rural and Urban Public Health Service Facilities with Specific Clinic of HIV in Central Java Province, Indonesia

Allele	Total Alleles N (%)		Case Group N (%)	Control Group N (%)
C	398 (85.8%)		198 (85.3%)	200 (86.2%)
T	66 (14.2%)		34 (14.7%)	32 (13.8%)
Total	464		232	232

Figure 1 PCR-RFLP product of the MTHFR C665t genotype which was digested with the HinF1 enzyme.

Figure 2 Results of DNA sequencing of the MTHFR C665T gene polymorphism.

Table 3 Results of Logistic Regression Analysis

Characteristics	P value	OR	95% CI
Sex	0.003	2.68	1.40–5.15
Age	0.000	1.86	1.32–2.62
Education	0.001	0.34	0.18–0.65
Zidovudine consumption	0.003	0.16	0.05–0.53
Homocysteine levels	0.003	2.62	1.38–4.97
MMA levels	0.348	3.28	0.28–39.11
MTHFR C655T gene polymorphism	0.156	0.59	0.29–1.22

Abbreviations: OR, odds ratio; 95% CI, 95% confidence interval.