Current pain management strategies for patients with erythromelalgia: a critical review

Figures & data

Figure 1 Flowchart of literature search.

Table 1 Differential diagnoses of erythromelalgia

Hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathies/genetic diseases

Fabry disease

Olmsted syndrome

Neurologic disorders

Complex regional pain syndrome

Peripheral neuropathies (diabetes mellitus, nutritional deficiency)

Vascular

Vessel thrombosis

Infectious diseases

Cellulitis^Citation92

Table 2 Disorders reported to be associated with erythromelalgia

Hematologic disorders

Myeloproliferative disorders

Polycythemia vera

Essential/primary thrombocythemia

Idiopathic thrombocytopenia

Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura

Myelofibrosis

Pernicious anemia

Subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma

Connective tissue disorders

Raynaud phenomenon

Systemic lupus erythematous

Von Recklinghausen neurofibromatosis

Infectious diseases

HIV

Infectious mononucleosis^Citation93

Poxvirus; epidemic erythromelalgia^Citation94,Citation95

Neurologic disorders

Peripheral neuropathy

Metabolic disorders

Diabetes mellitus

Drug/toxin induceda

Aspirin withdrawal

Verapamil, rosuvastatin, nicardipine, romiplostim, isopropanol, cyclosporine, bromocriptine^Citation96^–^Citation103

Influenza, low-molecular-weight heparin, hepatitis B vaccination^Citation104,Citation105

Mushroom poisoning (Clitocybe acromelalgia intoxication)^Citation106

Malignancy

Paraneoplastic syndrome^Citation3,Citation107^–^Citation109

Note:

a Medications that have been reported to account for symptoms have also been identified as treatment.

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