Optimal treatment of social phobia: systematic review and meta-analysis

Figures & data

Figure 1 Odds ratios and 95% CI for treatment response in randomized placebo-controlled trials for SSRI. Response based on CGI for all studies except for Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale¹⁰⁷ in van Vliet et al.³⁴ Only the highest ESC dose included for Lader et al.²⁶

Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; PAR, paroxetine; SERT, sertraline; ESC, escitalopram; FLX, fluoxetine; FLV, fluvoxamine; CGI, Clinical Global Impression; SSRI, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor; M-H, Mantel-Haenszel odds ratio.

Figure 2 Odds ratios and 95% CI for treatment response in randomized placebo-controlled trials for the serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, venlafaxine. Response based on CGI for all studies.

Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; CGI, Clinical Global Impression; M-H, Mantel-Haenszel odds ratio; SNRIs, selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors.

Figure 3 Odds ratios and 95% CI for treatment response in randomized placebo-controlled trials for irreversible and reversible MAOIs. Response based on CGI for all studies except social phobia subscale of the Fear Questionnaire¹⁰⁸ for Gelernter et al,⁵³ and the Hamilton Anxiety Scale¹⁰⁹ for van Vliet et al.⁵⁶

Abbreviations: B, brofaromine; M, moclobemide; MAOIs, monoamine oxidase inhibitors; CI, confidence interval; M-H, Mantel-Haenszel odds ratio.

Figure 4 Odds ratios and 95% CI for treatment response in randomized placebo-controlled trials for the A2D ligands pregabalin (P) and gabapentin (G). Response based on CGI for all studies. Only the highest pregabalin doses are reported for Pande et al⁷³ and Feltner et al.⁷⁴

Abbreviations: A2D, alpha-2-delta; CI, confidence interval; M-H, Mantel-Haenszel odds ratio.

Figure 5 Odds ratios and 95% CI for treatment response in randomized placebo-controlled trials for five drug classes.

Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; SSRIs, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors; SNRIs, serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors; MAOIs, monoamine oxidase inhibitors; irrev, irreversible; RIMA, selective inhibitors of monoamine oxidase A; M-H, Mantel-Haenszel odds ratio.

Figure 6 Odds ratios and 95% CI for treatment response in randomized placebo-controlled trials for drug versus psychotherapy comparisons. Blomhoff et al³⁹ used exposure therapy; all other trials used cognitive behavioral therapy as the psychotherapy intervention. Response based on Clinical Global Impression for all studies except social phobia subscale of the Fear Questionnaire¹⁰⁸ for Gelernter et al,⁵³ and the Social Anxiety Scale¹⁰⁷ for Heimberg et al.⁵²

Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; SSRIs, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors; MAOIs, monoamine oxidase inhibitors; M-H, Mantel-Haenszel odds ratio.

Figure 7 Odds ratios and 95% CI for treatment response in randomized placebo-controlled trials for medication compared with combined medication-psychological treatment. Blomhoff et al³⁹ used exposure therapy; Knijnik et al¹⁰⁰ used psychodynamic group therapy; all other trials used cognitive behavioral therapy as the psychotherapy intervention. Response based on Clinical Global Impression for all studies.

Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; SSRIs, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors; MAOIs, monoamine oxidase inhibitors; BDZ, benzodiazepines; M-H, Mantel-Haenszel odds ratio.

Figure 8 Odds ratios and 95% CI for treatment response in randomized placebo-controlled trials for psychological therapy compared with combined medication-psychological treatment. Blomhoff et al³⁹ used exposure therapy; all other trials used cognitive behavioral therapy as the psychotherapy intervention. Response based on Clinical Global Impression for all studies.

Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; SSRI, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor; MAOI, monoamine oxidase inhibitor; M-H, Mantel-Haenszel odds ratio.

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