Two-year analysis of changes in the optic nerve and retina following anti-VEGF treatments in diabetic macular edema patients

Figures & data

Table 1 Demographics of patients involved in the study

	Control	Anti-VEGF	P-value
Number of eyes	21	30	-
Average age (years ± SD)	67.7±7.5	63.9±6.8	0.07*
Duration of diabetes (years ± SD)	16.4±11.8	15.5±10.5	0.78*
Female participants (%)	33.3%	43.3%	0.57†
Mean anti-VEGF injections ± SD	-	9.6±5.3	-

Notes: *Unpaired t-test, †Fisher’s exact test.

Figure 1 Interval changes in (A) macular thickness, and (B) mean perfused ratio at baseline, 6, 12, and 24 months in the control and anti-VEGF groups. P-value: control group differences between baseline and follow-up measurements, paired t-test. P’-value: anti-VEGF group differences between baseline and follow-up measurements, paired t-test.

Figure 2 Interval changes in cup volume measured on optical coherence tomography (OCT) at baseline, 6, 12, and 24 months in the control and anti-VEGF groups. P-value: control group differences between baseline and follow-up measurements, paired t-test. P’-value: anti-VEGF group differences between baseline and follow-up measurements, paired t-test.

Figure 3 Interval changes in vertical cup/disk ratio measured on optical coherence tomography (OCT) at baseline, 6, 12, and 24 months in the control and anti-VEGF groups. P-value: control group differences between baseline and follow-up measurements, paired t-test. P’-value: anti-VEGF group differences between baseline and follow-up measurements, paired t-test.

Figure 4 Interval changes in vertical cup/disk ratio measured on optical coherence tomography at baseline, 6, 12, and 24 months in participants receiving less than ten injections and ten or more injections. P-value: differences between baseline and follow-up measurements of participants receiving less than ten injections, paired t-test. P’-value: differences between baseline and follow-up measurements of participants receiving ten or more injections, paired t-test.

Figure 5 Interval changes in vertical cup/disk ratio measured by two masked glaucoma specialists using stereo-photographs at baseline, 6, 12, and 24 months in the (A) anti-VEGF group and the (B) control group. P-value: grader 1 differences between baseline and follow-up measurements, paired t-test. P’-value: grader 2 differences between baseline and follow-up measurements, paired t-test.

Figure 6 Interval changes in mean deviation measured on the (A) Humphrey Visual Field Analyzer and (B) visual acuity at baseline, 6, 12, and 24 months in the control and anti-VEGF groups. p-value: control group differences between baseline and follow-up measurements, paired t-test. p’-value: anti-VEGF group differences between baseline and follow-up measurements, paired t-test.

Figure 7 Interval changes in intraocular pressure at baseline, 6, 12, and 24 months in the control and anti-VEGF groups. P-value: control group differences between baseline and follow-up measurements, paired t-test. P’-value: anti-VEGF group differences between baseline and follow-up measurements, paired t-test.