The Efficacy of Dose Increments of Botulinum Toxin A in the Treatment of Childhood Esotropia

Figures & data

Table 1 BTA Dosages and Their Corresponding Angles of Deviation

Angle of Deviation	11–19 PD	20–29 PD	30–39 PD	≥40 PD
BTA dose	2.5 IU in 0.05 mL	5 IU in 0.1 mL	7.5 IU in 0.15 mL	10 IU in 0.2 mL

Figure 1 Total participants: males (n=23) females (n=33).

Figure 2 Percentages of the diagnoses from the total number.

Abbreviations: ET, esotropia; PAET, partially accommodative esotropia; AC/A, accommodative convergence/accommodation.

Table 2 Success Rate in Regard to the BTA Dose

Dose	N %	Success N %	Failure N %	P-value
2.5 IU	8 14.3%	6 75%	2 25%	0.13
5 IU	16 28.6%	6 37.5%	10 62.5%
7.5 IU	7 12.5%	3 42.8%	4 47.2%
10 IU	25 44.6%	7 28%	18 72%

Table 3 Success and Failure in Regard to Gender

Gender	N (%)	Success N (%)	Failure N (%)	P-value
Male	23 (41.1%)	7 (30.4%)	16 (69.6%)	0.25
Female	33 (58.9%)	15 (45.5%)	18 (54.6%)

Table 4 Success Rate in Regard to the Diagnosis

Diagnosis	N	Success N (%)	P-value
Infantile ET	24	7 29.2%	0.13
PAET	22	13 59.1%
Sensory ET	4	1 25%
PAET with a high AC/A ratio	2	0 0%
Duane retraction syndrome type 1	2	0 0%
Bilateral sixth nerve palsy	1	1 100%
Nonrefractive accommodative ET	1	0 0%

Abbreviations: ET, esotropia; PAET, partially accommodative esotropia; AC/A, accommodative convergence/accommodation.

Table 5 The Mean Pre-Treatment and Post-Treatment Deviations, Mean Reduction and Percentage of Improvement from Initial Deviations (± Standard Deviation) with Regard to the Change in BTA Dose

BTA Dose (IU)	N	Pre-Treatment Deviation (PD)	Post-Treatment Deviation (PD)	Mean Reduction (PD)	Percentage of Improvement
2.5	8	16.1 ± 2.16	7.6 ± 6.8	8.5	32.1 ± 41.2
5	16	25 ± 7	12.3 ± 9.1	12.6	35± 39
7.5	7	32.5 ± 3.8	12.5 ± 10.5	19.9	57.1 ± 30.4
10	25	56.3 ± 12.4	25.7 ± 18.7	30.6	45 ± 31.4

Table 6 The Mean Pre-Treatment and Post-Treatment Deviations, Mean Reduction and Percentage of Improvement from Initial Deviations (± Standard Deviation) with Regard to the Change in Diagnosis

Diagnosis	N	Pre-Treatment Deviation (PD)	Post-Treatment Deviation (PD)	Mean Reduction (PD)	Percentage of Improvement
Infantile ET	24	52.1 ± 16.8	23.3 ± 18.5	28.8 ± 15.9	57.7 ± 31.5
PAET	22	29 ± 14.7	12.3 ± 13.4	16.7 ± 14.6	56.2 ± 38
Sensory ET	4	34.5 ±13	15.6 ± 12.3	18.75 ± 21.9	44.2 ± 41.4
PAET with a high AC/A ratio	2	22.5 ± 3.53	18.5 ± 9.2	4 ± 5.6	20 ± 28.2
Duane retraction syndrome type 1	2	20	16 ± 2.8	4 ± 2.8	20 ± 14.1
Bilateral sixth nerve palsy	1	35	10	25	71.4
Nonrefractive accommodative ET	1	25	18	7	28

Abbreviations: ET, esotropia; PAET, partially accommodative esotropia; AC/A, accommodative convergence/accommodation.

Table 7 Dose and Lid Position in First Visit

Dose	N (%)	Normal N (%)	Ptosis N (%)
2.5 IU	8 14.3%	5 62.5%	3 37.5%
5 IU	16 28.6%	7 43.75%	9 56.3%
7.5 IU	7 12.5%	4 57.14%	3 42.9%
10 IU	25 44.6%	12 48%	13 52%