Figures & data
Figure 1 The HPA microbiota–gut–brain–endocrine pathway and intersecting organs demonstrating a known afferent and efferent cross-talk, which is yet to be well characterized and is very complex.
Note: Movement of metabolites, anterograde, retrograde, or both, from the gut and the brain to distal organs constitutes co-metabolism in a metabolic interactome.
Abbreviations: ACTH, adrenocorticotropic hormone; CRH, corticotropin releasing hormone; HPA hypothalmus pituitary adrenal; SCFA, short chain fatty acid; NE, norepinephrinegiven; HPA, hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal; 5-HT, 5-hydroxytryptamine.
