Awareness of HBV Functional Cure and Attitude Toward Related Clinical Trials Among Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B in China

Figures & data

Table 1 Demographics of the Study Participants

	N	%
Gender
Male	764	62.6
Female	456	37.4
Age
<30	123	10.1
≥30–40	381	31.2
≥40–50	372	30.5
≥50–60	260	21.3
≥60	84	6.9
Region^a
Henan	118	9.7
Hebei	82	6.7
Fujian	79	6.5
Education
High school and below	599	49.1
Above high school	621	50.9
Income (RMB/month)
Less than 5000	590	48.4
5000–10,000	458	37.5
10,000–30,000	139	11.4
30,000–50,000	18	1.5
More than 50,000	15	1.2
Insurance
National insurance	979	80.2
Non-national insurance	34	2.8
National + non-national insurance	62	5.1
No insurance	145	11.9
Expense on CHB (RMB/month)
<1000	993	81.4
1000–3000	155	12.7
>3000	72	5.9

Notes: ^aOnly the first 3 most represented regions were listed. See Table S1 for a full list of region distribution of the study participants.

Figure 1 The impact of CHB on life. A larger percentage represents more participants felt affected.

Figure 2 (a) Satisfaction reasons of current treatment. A larger percentage represents more participants felt satisfied. (b) Dissatisfaction reasons of current treatment. A larger percentage represents more participants felt dissatisfied.

Table 2 Association Between Functional Cure Awareness and Patient Characteristics

Variable		Univariate			Multivariate
		n (%)	OR crude (95% CI)	p value	n (%)	OR adjusted (95% CI)	p value
Age (year)	<30	123 (10.1)	1.00		98 (9.4)	1.00
	≥30–40	381 (31.2)	1.64 (0.74–3.61)	0.2198	320 (30.7)	1.15 (0.48–2.80)	0.7525
	≥40–50	372 (30.5)	2.08 (0.95–4.53)	0.0657	323 (31.0)	1.43 (0.59–3.47)	0.4324
	≥50	344 (28.2)	1.95 (0.89–4.27)	0.0977	302 (29.0)	1.30 (0.52–3.23)	0.5734
Location	Underdeveloped region	867 (71.1)	1.00		733 (70.3)	1.00
	Developed region	353 (28.9)	1.26 (0.86–1.85)	0.2327	310 (29.7)	1.24 (0.80–1.91)	0.3383
Family income (Yuan/month)	<5000	590 (48.4)	1.00		503 (48.2)	1.00
	5000–10,000	458 (37.5)	1.05 (0.71–1.55)	0.8135	390 (37.4)	0.77 (0.48–1.24)	0.2772
	>10,000	172 (14.1)	1.16 (0.69–1.97)	0.5728	150 (14.4)	0.72 (0.37–1.38)	0.3184
CHB duration (year)	<5	317 (26.0)	1.00		244 (23.4)	1.00
	≥5–10	198 (16.2)	1.76 (0.95–3.26)	0.0703	174 (16.7)	1.76 (0.88–3.52)	0.1094
	≥10–20	317 (26.0)	1.72 (0.99–2.99)	0.0560	280 (26.8)	1.61 (0.85–3.05)	0.1446
	≥20	388 (31.8)	2.17 (1.29–3.65)	0.0035	345 (33.1)	1.84 (0.99–3.42)	0.0531
Education	High school and below	599 (49.1)	1.00		526 (50.4)	1.00
	Above high school	621 (50.9)	1.32 (0.92–1.89)	0.1314	517 (49.6)	1.24 (0.78–1.97)	0.3688
HBsAg level	Unknown^a	534 (43.8)	1.00		464 (44.5)	1.00
	<1500 IU/mL	556 (45.6)	2.89 (1.88–4.44)	<0.0001	456 (43.7)	3.03 (1.87–4.92)	<0.0001
	≥1500 IU/mL	130 (10.7)	2.95 (1.62–5.37)	0.0004	123 (11.8)	2.57 (1.35–4.88)	0.0039
Treatment	NUCs	862 (82.6)	1.00		862 (82.6)	1.00
	Peg-IFN-α with/without NUCs	181 (17.4)	1.23 (0.76–1.99)	0.3897	181 (17.4)	0.93 (0.55–1.57)	0.7740
Expectation on therapy	Others^b	512 (49.1)	1.00		512 (49.1)	1.00
	HBsAg loss	531 (50.9)	2.06 (1.38–3.08)	0.0004	531 (50.9)	1.63 (1.07–2.50)	0.0240
Reason of satisfaction	Others^c	1013 (97.1)	1.00		1013 (97.1)	1.00
	HBsAg loss	30 (2.9)	1.20 (0.41–3.50)	0.7369	30 (2.9)	1.32 (0.43–4.04)	0.6251
Reason of dissatisfaction	Others^d	697 (66.8)	1.00		697 (66.8)	1.00
	Cannot achieve HBsAg loss	346 (33.2)	2.10 (1.43–3.09)	0.0002	346 (33.2)	1.67 (1.10–2.53)	0.0160

Notes: ^aUnknown means patients did not know their HBsAg level; ^bOther expectations include undetectable HBV DNA, HBeAg seroclearance, ALT normalization and anti-HBs seroconversion; ^cOthers include convenience, safety, ALT normalization, DNA suppression, low expense and HBeAg seroclearance; ^dOthers include detectable HBV DNA, abnormal ALT, side effects of treatment, long-term duration of treatment, impact on life and high expense on treatment.

Table 3 Association Between Willingness to Participate in HBV Functional Cure Related Clinical Trials and Patient Characteristics

Variable		n (%)	Willingness to Participate in Clinical Trials
			Definitely Will OR adjusted (95% CI)	p value	Probably Will OR adjusted (95% CI)	p value
Age (year)	<30	98 (9.4)	1.00		1.00
	≥30–40	320 (30.7)	1.60 (0.92–2.77)	0.0930	0.87 (0.47–1.61)	0.6541
	≥40–50	323 (31.0)	1.87 (1.06–3.30)	0.0296	1.21 (0.64–2.31)	0.5606
	≥50	302 (29.0)	1.70 (0.96–3.02)	0.0708	0.88 (0.44–1.72)	0.7007
Location	Underdeveloped region	733 (70.3)	1.00		1.00
	Developed region	310 (29.7)	1.00 (0.73–1.38)	0.9973	1.00 (0.66–1.51)	0.9818
Family income (Yuan/month)	<5000	503 (48.2)	1.00		1.00
	5000–10,000	390 (37.4)	0.95 (0.68–1.33)	0.7665	1.59 (1.03–2.46)	0.0376
	>10,000	150 (14.4)	0.78 (0.49–1.25)	0.2981	1.07 (0.59–1.96)	0.8173
CHB duration (year)	<5	244 (23.4)	1.00		1.00
	≥5–10	174 (16.7)	0.75 (0.46–1.20)	0.2312	1.03 (0.58–1.84)	0.9117
	≥10–20	280 (26.8)	0.72 (0.48–1.10)	0.1308	0.59 (0.34–1.03)	0.0629
	≥20	345 (33.1)	0.72 (0.48–1.10)	0.1276	0.70 (0.41–1.19)	0.1854
Education	High school and below	526 (50.4)	1.00		1.00
	Above high school	517 (49.6)	0.73 (0.52–1.02)	0.0631	1.45 (0.94–2.23)	0.0905
HBsAg level	Unknown^a	464 (44.5)	1.00		1.00
	<1500 IU/mL	456 (43.7)	1.45 (1.05–1.99)	0.0225	1.39 (0.92–2.10)	0.1160
	≥1500 IU/mL	123 (11.8)	1.03 (0.65–1.65)	0.8902	1.17 (0.64–2.12)	0.6073
Treatment	NUCs	862 (82.6)	1.00		1.00
	Peg-IFN-α with/without NUCs	181 (17.4)	1.68 (1.11–2.53)	0.0136	1.12 (0.66–1.92)	0.6726
Expectation on therapy	Others^b	512 (49.1)	1.00		1.00
	HBsAg loss	531 (50.9)	0.86 (0.64–1.15)	0.3040	0.75 (0.51–1.10)	0.1418
Reason of satisfaction	Others^c	1013 (97.1)	1.00		1.00
	HBsAg loss	30 (2.9)	1.05 (0.41–2.69)	0.9241	1.81 (0.62–5.30)	0.2771
Reason of dissatisfaction	Others^d	697 (66.8)	1.00		1.00
	Cannot achieve HBsAg loss	346 (33.2)	1.15 (0.84–1.59)	0.3799	1.07 (0.70–1.61)	0.7657
Awareness of functional cure	Not aware	924 (88.6)	1.00		1.00
	Aware	119 (11.4)	1.62 (1.01–2.61)	0.0469	1.06 (0.56–2.01)	0.8693

Notes: ^aUnknown means patients did not know their HBsAg level; ^bOther expectations include undetectable HBV DNA, HBeAg seroclearance, ALT normalization and anti-HBs seroconversion; ^cOthers include convenience, safety, ALT normalization, DNA suppression, low expense and HBeAg seroclearance; ^dOthers include detectable HBV DNA, abnormal ALT, side effects of treatment, long-term duration of treatment, impact on life and high expense on treatment.