Evaluation of Employee Empowerment on Taking Charge Behaviour: An Application of Perceived Organizational Support as a Moderator

Figures & data

Figure 1 Conceptual framework.

Table 1 Construct Reliability and Validity

Main Variables	Cronbach’s Alpha	Composite Reliability	Average Variance Extracted (AVE)
Employee Empowerment	0.832	0.816	0.773
Taking Charge (Self-reported)	0.801	0.845	0.645
Taking Charge (Supervisor-rated)	0.794	0.769	0.581
Perceived Organizational Support	0.776	0.842	0.695

Table 2 Model Fitness Statistics

Model	X^2	Df	X^2/Df	SRMR	RMSEA	CFI
Default Model (Self-Reported)	62.027	50	1.241	0.656	0.042	0.976
Default Model (Supervisor-Rated TCB)	47.587	40	1.19	0.615	0.037	0.982

Abbreviations: TLI, Tucker-Lewis index; CFI, Comparative fit index; RMSEA, Root mean square error of approximation’ SRMR, Standardised Root Mean Residual; TCB, Taking Charge Behaviour.

Table 3 Regression Results

Predictor
Model Summary (Self-rated TCB)		R	R-sq		MSE		f
		0.512	0.263		0.892		33.944
		B	SE		t		p
Taking Charge Behaviour (Self-Reported)
Constant		−1.746	0.972		−1.797		0.073
Employee Empowerment		1.305	0.167		7.815		0.000
Perceived Organizational Support		0.887	0.217		4.098		0.001
Taking charge x Perceived Organizational Support		−0.177	0.036		−4.963		0.000
Test(s) of highest order unconditional interaction(s)		R^2-chng	f
		0.603	24.631
Model Summary (Supervisor-rated TCB)		R	R-sq		MSE		f
		0.556	0.309		0.694		42.510
		B	SE		t		p
Taking Charge Behaviour (Supervisor-Reported)
Constant		−1.186	0.857		−1.383		0.168
Employee Empowerment		1.190	0.147		8.079		0.000
Perceived Organizational Support		0.766	0.191		4.008		0.000
Taking charge x Perceived Organizational Support		−0.149	0.314		−4.726		0.000
Test(s) of highest order unconditional interaction(s)		R^2-chng	f
		0.054	22.335
Moderator	Levels	Boot Indirect Effect	Boot SE	Boot t	Boot p	LLCI	ULCI
Perceived Organizational Support (Self-Reported TCB)	Low	0.606	0.063	9.879	0.000	0.483	0.729
	Mean	0.405	0.066	6.136	0.000	0.275	0.536
	High	0.205	0.090	2.278	0.023	0.028	0.382
Perceived Organizational Support (Supervisor-rated TCB)	Low	0.603	0.055	10.917	0.000	0.495	0.712
	Mean	0.435	0.058	7.456	0.000	0.320	0.550
	High	0.266	0.079	3.354	0.000	0.120	0.422

Notes: Sample size: 290 individuals; number of bootstraps resample = 5000.

Abbreviations: TCB, taking charge behaviour; EE, employee empowerment; POS, perceived organizational support.

Figure 2 The moderating effect of perceived organizational support on the relationship between employee empowerment and taking charge (Self-reported).

Figure 3 The moderating effect of perceived organizational support on the relationship between employee empowerment and taking charge (Supervisor-reported).