The Influence of Taoism on Employee Low-Carbon Behavior in China: The Mediating Role of Perceived Value and Guanxi

Figures & data

Figure 1 Research framework.

Table 1 Model Fit Statistics

	CMIN/df	GFI	IFI	TLI	CFI	RMSEA
Single-factor model: T+PR+GX+EGB	10.574	0.854	0.882	0.860	0.882	0.110
Two-factor model: T+PR, GX+EGB	9.990	0.861	0.890	0.869	0.890	0.107
Three-factor model: T, PR+GX, EGB	8.789	0.875	0.908	0.886	0.907	0.099
Hypothesized four-factor model: T, PR, GX, EGB	4.429	0.947	0.961	0.950	0.961	0.066

Abbreviations: T, Taoism; PR, perceived value; GX, guanxi; EGB, employee green behavior.

Table 2 Reliability and Validity Summary

	Items	Factor Loading	CR	AVE
Taoism	Parcel_1	0.934	0.848	0.738
	Parcel_2	0.777
Functional value	Parcel_3	0.908	0.905	0.827
	Parcel_4	0.911
Overall value	Parcel_5	0.884	0.859	0.752
	Parcel_6	0.851
Emotional value	Parcel_7	0.864	0.862	0.758
	Parcel_8	0.877
Co-worker guanxi	Parcel_9	0.880	0.872	0.773
	Parcel_10	0.879
Supervisor-subordinate guanxi	Parcel_11	0.905	0.850	0.740
	Parcel_12	0.813
Employee Low-carbon behavior	Parcel_13	0.926	0.917	0.846
	Parcel_14	0.914

Table 3 Descriptive Statistics, Correlation and Discriminant Validity

	Mean	SD	1	2	3	4	5	6	7
1. Taoism	3.600	0.596	0.859
2. Functional value	3.924	0.618	0.518**	0.909
3. Overall value	3.894	0.603	0.525**	0.810**	0.867
4. Emotional value	3.897	0.626	0.504**	0.791**	0.779**	0.871
5. Co-worker guanxi	3.714	0.663	0.496**	0.624**	0.575**	0.583**	0.879
6. Supervisor-subordinate guanxi	3.579	0.728	0.395**	0.405**	0.446**	0.444**	0.659**	0.860
7. Employee Low-carbon behavior	4.708	0.721	0.553**	0.757**	0.726**	0.695**	0.577**	0.407**	0.920

Notes: **At the 0.01 level (two-tailed), the correlation is significant. The diagonal is the square root of AVE.

Table 4 Summary of Direct Effects

Hypotheses and Path	β	p	Confidence Intervals Bias Corrected		VIF
			Lower	Upper
H1: Taoism -> Employee low-carbon behavior	0.179	0.000	0.117	0.249	1.671
H2a: Taoism -> Functional value	0.570	0.000	0.511	0.620	1.000
H2b: Taoism -> Overall value	0.579	0.000	0.525	0.630	1.000
H2c: Taoism -> Emotional value	0.545	0.000	0.481	0.603	1.000
H3a: Functional value -> Employee low-carbon behavior	0.339	0.000	0.241	0.433	3.997
H3b: Overall value -> Employee low-carbon behavior	0.217	0.000	0.136	0.297	3.702
H3c: Emotional value -> Employee low-carbon behavior	0.110	0.031	0.010	0.206	3.288
H5a: Taoism -> Co-worker guanxi	0.515	0.000	0.454	0.569	1.000
H5b Taoism -> Supervisor-subordinate guanxi	0.410	0.000	0.344	0.473	1.000
H6a: Co-worker guanxi-> Employee low-carbon behavior	0.086	0.022	0.013	0.164	2.425
H6b: Supervisor-subordinate guanxi -> Employee low-carbon behavior	−0.003	0.942	−0.081	0.068	1.827

Figure 2 SmartPLS path.

Table 5 Summary of Indirect Effects

Effect	Path	Beta	p-value	Confidence Intervals Bias Corrected
				Lower	Lower
Indirect effects	Taoism -> Functional value -> Employee low-carbon behavior	0.193	0.000	0.130	0.252
	Taoism -> Overall value -> Employee low-carbon behavior	0.126	0.000	0.078	0.175
	Taoism -> Emotional value -> Employee low-carbon behavior	0.060	0.036	0.005	0.118
	Taoism -> Co-worker guanxi -> Employee low-carbon behavior	0.044	0.024	0.007	0.085
	Taoism -> Supervisor-subordinate guanxi -> Employee low-carbon behavior	−0.001	0.943	−0.032	0.029