Provider use of a participatory decision-making style with youth and caregivers and satisfaction with pediatric asthma visits

Figures & data

Table 1 Sociodemographic characteristics of the youth, caregivers, and providers (N=359)

Characteristics	% (N)
Youth gender
Male	57.1 (205)
Female	42.9 (154)
Youth race/ethnicity
Caucasian	36.2 (130)
African-American	37.2 (134)
Hispanic	12.5 (45)
Native American	11.4 (41)
Other	2.5 (9)
Asthma severity
Mild	46.8 (168)
Moderate/severe	53.2 (191)
Language spoken at home
English	91.4 (328)
Spanish	8.6 (31)
Caregiver gender
Male	13.6 (49)
Female	86.4 (310)
Caregiver race
Caucasian	46.0 (165)
Non-Caucasian	54.0 (194)
How well caregiver reports that the provider knows the child
Very well	58.5 (21)
Moderately well	29.2 (105)
Slightly	9.5 (34)
Hardly at all	2.8 (10)
Provider gender
Male	32.9 (118)
Female	67.1 (241)
Provider race
White	73.0 (262)
Non-White	27.0 (97)
	Mean (SD), range
Youth age	13.2 (1.9), 11–17
Years living with asthma	9.5 (4.1), 1–17
Caregiver age	42.6 (8.6), 19–76
Caregiver education (in years)	13.6 (3.3), 4–26
Provider age	44.1 (11.4), 28–62

Abbreviation: SD, standard deviation.

Table 2 Generalized estimating equations predicting youth and caregiver ratings of provider use of a participatory decision-making style (N=359)

Youth rating of providers’ participatory decision-making style	Odds ratio (95% confidence interval)
Independent variables
Youth gender – male	1.5 (0.9, 2.5)
Youth age	0.9 (0.8, 1.0)
Youth race – White	1.1 (0.7, 1.7)
Asthma severity – moderate/severe	1.4 (0.9, 2.1)
Years living with asthma	0.9 (0.8, 1.0)
Language spoken at home – Spanish	0.8 (0.4, 1.6)
Whether youth was in intervention or usual care group	1.7 (1.1, 2.5)*
Caregiver rating of how well the provider knows the child	0.8 (0.6, 1.0)
Provider age	1.0 (0.9, 1.1)
Provider race – White	0.8 (0.5, 1.4)
Provider gender – female	0.8 (0.5, 1.5)
Caregiver rating of provider’s participatory decision-making style
Independent variables
Caregiver age	1.0 (0.9, 1.1)
Caregiver race – White	2.3 (1.2, 4.4)**
Caregiver gender	1.3 (0.7, 2.3)
Caregiver education (in years)	0.9 (0.8, 1.0)
Asthma severity – moderate/severe	1.0 (0.6, 1.8)
Years living with asthma	1.0 (0.9, 1.1)
Language spoken at home – Spanish	0.7 (0.3, 1.6)
Whether youth was in intervention or usual care group	1.3 (0.7, 2.4)
Caregiver rating of how well the provider knows the child	2.5 (1.8, 3.6)***
Provider age	0.96 (0.94, 0.99)*
Provider race – White	0.6 (0.3, 1.3)
Provider gender – female	1.9 (1.1, 3.5)*

Notes:

* p<0.05,

** p<0.01,

*** p<0.001.

Table 3 Generalized estimating equations predicting youth and caregiver satisfaction with visits (N=359)

Youth satisfaction with visit	Beta (95% confidence interval)
Independent variables
Youth gender – male	0.1 (−1.0, 1.2)
Youth age	0.1 (−0.2, 0.4)
Youth race – White	−0.6 (−1.7, 0.5)
Youth rating of provider’s participatory decision-making style	4.9 (3.3, 6.5)***
Asthma severity – moderate/severe	−0.1 (−1.7, 1.7)
Language spoken at home – Spanish	−1.9 (−3.4, −0.4)*
Years living with asthma	0.3 (−0.9, 1.5)
Whether youth was in intervention or usual care group	0.3 (−0.9, 1.5)
Caregiver rating of how well the provider knows the child	1.0 (−0.2, 2.3)
Provider age	−0.06 (−0.11, −0.01)*
Provider race – White	−0.8 (−2.4, 0.9)
Provider gender – female	0.9 (−0.3, 2.2)
Caregiver satisfaction with visit
Independent variables
Caregiver age	−0.1 (−0.2, 0.1)
Caregiver race – White	0.3 (−2.5, 3.1)
Caregiver gender	3.4 (−8.5, 1.7)
Caregiver education (in years)	−0.04 (−0.5, 0.4)
Caregiver rating of provider’s participatory decision-making style	7.5 (3.1, 12.0)**
Asthma severity – moderate/severe	−2.3 (−4.9, 0.3)
Language spoken at home – Spanish	−8.7 (−16.2, −1.3)*
Years living with asthma	−0.3 (−0.7, 0.1)
Whether youth was in intervention or usual care group	−1.8 (−4.1, 0.5)
Caregiver rating of how well the provider knows the child	3.7 (1.5, 5.8)**
Provider age	0.1 (−0.5, 0.3)
Provider race – White	1.0 (−2.6, 4.5)
Provider gender – female	−1.1 (−4.8, 2.7)

Notes:

* p<0.05,

** p<0.01,

*** p<0.001.