Urologic Outcomes of Pediatric Pelvic Neuroblastoma Presenting in Acute Urinary Retention

Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate long-term urologic outcomes of patients with pelvic neuroblastoma (NB) presenting with urinary retention. Methods: Five cases of pelvic NB presenting with urinary retention were identified between 1971 and 2011. Clinical presentation, treatment, survival and long-term voiding outcomes were analyzed. Results: All five patients presented with acute urinary retention and pelvic outlet dysfunction including bladder perforation (20%), constipation (40%), or fecal incontinence (20%). The presenting age ranged from 7 days to 4 years with female to male ratio of 3:2. Two patients presented with bilateral hydronephrosis and three patients were stage 4 at presentation. All required debulking surgery, four patients required combined anterior and posterior approaches for tumor resection, with two patients requiring concurrent laminectomy. Adjuvant or neoadjuvant chemoradiation was used in four of five cases. Follow-up ranged from 2 to 41 years. Although the long-term oncological outcome is favorable, urologic outcomes of these patients ranged from normal bladder function to the need significant reconstructive procedures. Conclusion: Urologic outcomes are related to pelvic nerve and organ preservation during resection more than the severity of urinary symptoms at presentation.

Keywords:

• pediatric neuroblastoma
• pelvic neuroblastoma
• urinary retention
• urology