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Pharmaceutical Biology Volume 53, 2015 - Issue 3
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Original Article

Insight into the bronchodilator activity of Vitex negundo

Munasib KhanNatural Product Research Unit, Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Aga Khan University Medical College, Karachi, Pakistan, ;Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Dir Lower, Pakistan, Correspondence[email protected]
,
Abdul Jabbar ShahNatural Product Research Unit, Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Aga Khan University Medical College, Karachi, Pakistan, ;Cardiovascular Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Abbottabad, Pakistan, and
&
Anwarul Hassan GilaniNatural Product Research Unit, Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Aga Khan University Medical College, Karachi, Pakistan, ;Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia
Pages 340-344 | Received 05 Nov 2013, Accepted 23 Apr 2014, Published online: 26 Jan 2015

Figures & data

Figure 1. Dose-dependent effects of (A) Vitex negundo crude extract (Vn.Cr) and (B) aminophylline on the carbachol (CCh)-mediated bronchoconstriction in anaesthetized rats. Values shown are mean ± SEM, n = 4, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 versus carbachol (ANOVA followed by Dennett's test).

Figure 1. Dose-dependent effects of (A) Vitex negundo crude extract (Vn.Cr) and (B) aminophylline on the carbachol (CCh)-mediated bronchoconstriction in anaesthetized rats. Values shown are mean ± SEM, n = 4, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 versus carbachol (ANOVA followed by Dennett's test).

Figure 2. Concentration–response curves showing comparison of (A) Vitex negundo crude extract (Vn.Cr), (B) papaverine, and (C) diltiazem against carbachol (CCh) and K+-induced contractions in isolated guinea-pig tracheal preparations. (D), (E), and (F) show inhibitory concentration–response curves of isoprenaline against carbachol (CCh)-induced contractions in the absence and presence of different concentrations of Vitex negundo extract (Vn.Cr), papaverine, and diltiazem in isolated guinea-pig tracheal preparations. Values shown are mean ± SEM, n = 4–5.

Figure 2. Concentration–response curves showing comparison of (A) Vitex negundo crude extract (Vn.Cr), (B) papaverine, and (C) diltiazem against carbachol (CCh) and K+-induced contractions in isolated guinea-pig tracheal preparations. (D), (E), and (F) show inhibitory concentration–response curves of isoprenaline against carbachol (CCh)-induced contractions in the absence and presence of different concentrations of Vitex negundo extract (Vn.Cr), papaverine, and diltiazem in isolated guinea-pig tracheal preparations. Values shown are mean ± SEM, n = 4–5.

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