Design, synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of novel azole derivatives of aryl acetic acid as anti-inflammatory and analgesic agents

Figures & data

Scheme 1.  Synthesis of azole derivatives 3, 4 and 5.

Table 1.  Anti-inflammatory activity of compounds (3a–e, 4a–e and 5a–e).

Compound	Anti-inflammatory activity % inhibition ± SEM^#		Compound	Anti-inflammatory activity % inhibition ± SEM#
	After 3h	After 4h		After 3h	After 4h
Ibuprofen	72.67 ± 3.42	75.12 ± 3.95	4c	58.95 ± 4.06	70.95 ± 3.2^c
3a	58.33 ± 3.6	62.87 ± 3.79^a	4d	53.24 ± 4.56	65.52 ± 4.54^c
3b	81.68 ± 1.73	82.25 ± 1.55^c	4e	64.38 ± 4.77	72.58 ± 2.99^c
3c	77.24 ± 4	81.43 ± 2.17^c	5a	52.56 ± 2.56	55.29 ± 2.47^a
3d	50.81 ± 5.64	50.82 ± 4.24^a	5b	58.18 ± 3.13	63.26 ± 3.53^b
3e	50.16 ± 3.35	51.24 ± 4.72^a	5c	62.3 ± 3.6	67.92 ± 1.52^c
4a	56.81 ± 1.94	59.85 ± 2.73^a	5d	59.68 ± 3.78	64.95 ± 3.93^c
4b	56.38 ± 3.34	57.95 ± 1.87^a	5e	62.41 ± 3.58	65.11 ± 2.24^c

#Relative to standard and data were analyzed by student’s t test for n=6

^ap <0.01; ^bp <0.05; ^cp <0.5

Table 2.  Analgesic, ulcerogenic and lipid peroxidation activities of selected compounds.

Compound	Analgesic Activity^#			UlcerogenicActivity (Severityindex ± SEM) ^#	nmol MDA content ± SEM / 100 mg tissue^#
	Pre-treatment/normal 0 h (s)	Post-treatment/after 4 h (s)	% Inhibition
3b	1.59 ± 0.021	2.95 ± 0.018	85.53 ± 2.09^b	0.333 ± 0.1^e	4.27 ± 0.59^c
3c	1.28 ± 0.013	2.21 ± 0.010	73.8 ± 1.24	0.166 ± 0.1^c	3.41 ± 0.03^a
4c	1.27 ± 0.013	2.11 ± 0.010	66.14 ± 1.9^c	0.5 ± 0.18	5.25 ± 0.33^c
4d	1.86 ± 0.021	2.50 ± 0.016	34.4 ± 1.27^a	—	—
4e	1.37 ± 0.025	2.14 ± 0.015	68.5 ± 1.42^b	0.333 ± 0.1^e	4.21 ± 0.17^a
5c	1.36 ± 0.011	2.17 ± 0.013	59.55 ± 0.84^a	—	—
5e	1.26 ± 0.014	2.10 ± 0.016	67.46 ± 1.67^e	0.333 ± 0.1^e	5.19 ± 0.26^b
Control	—	—	—	0	3.25 ± 0.05
Ibuprofen	1.36 ± 0.009	2.37 ± 0.012	74.26 ± 1.25	0.5 ± 0	6.55 ± 0.03

#Relative to standard and data where analysed by student t test for n=6

^ap <0.0001; ^bp <0.001; ^cp <0.01; ^dp <0.05; ^ep <0.5