Sodium Alginate Capsulation Increased Brain Delivery of Probucol and Suppressed Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration

Abstract

Aim: To enhance the bioavailability and brain uptake of probucol and examine whether it attenuates neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration by utilizing a sodium alginate nanoencapsulation technique. Materials & methods: Wild-type mice were given either low-fat standard chow, high-fat (HF) diet to induce neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration, HF diet supplemented with nanocapsuled probucol at a concentration of 0.1% (w/w), HF diet supplemented with noncapsulated probucol at the same concentration of 0.1%, or HF diet supplemented with noncapsulated probucol at higher concentration (1%) for 24 weeks. Results & conclusion: The nanoencapsulation increased the plasma and brain concentration of probucol significantly compared with the mice that was given the same dosage of probucol without capsulation, and significantly suppressed the neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration.

Keywords:

• high-fat diet
• nanoencapsulation
• neurodegeneration
• neuroinflammation
• probucol
• sodium alginate

Financial & competing interests disclosure

The project was funded by National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia, Dementia Australia Research Foundation, Department of Health of Western Australia, and Curtin University. The authors have no other relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript apart from those disclosed.

No writing assistance was utilized in the production of this manuscript.