Figures & data
Figure 1 Wiring diagram of the interactions involving Clb2 and Clb5 at the exit from mitosis. Solid lines indicate reactions, solid lines with filled balls at the ends indicate reversible association reactions and dashed lines indicate the influences of transcription factors or enzymes. A : indicates a complex. We assume that Clb2 and Clb5 are always complexed with Cdc28 and do not denote this explicitly. D denotes degradation by targeting the destruction box and KEN denotes degradation by targeting the KEN box.
Figure 2 Depiction of time intervals defining inter-division and inter-bud times. The cell cycle time from division to division of the daughter, TD and mother, TM, are related to the division to bud times of the daughter and mother, TdDb and TdMb respectively and to the bud to division times, TbDd and TbMd respectively. This allows us to conclude that the bud to bud times for the daughter and mother, TbDb and TbMb respectively, should have approximately the same statistics as the corresponding division to division times.
Figure 3 Comparison of wild-type and mutant cell growth in raffinose in experiments and simulations. (A) For each of three separate experiments (1 = blue, 2 = green, 3 = red) and simulation (black) the initial number of cells is plotted at t =-and at each bud event (division event for simulations) thereafter the number of cells is increased by one for wild-type (+) and mutant strains (•). The lines are least-squares fits to the points for t > 300 min (solid: wild-type, dashed: mutant). (B) Probability that the time between buds is greater than a specified time for the three experiments and a simulation depicted in (A). Line colors and styles correspond to the same datasets shown in (A).
Figure 4 Histograms of cell cycle duration in mother and daughter cells. Budding events were tabulated manually and the time between the emergence of consecutive buds was calculated for wild-type cells (A–C) and for mutant cells (E–G) in experiments 1–3, respectively. For simulated data (D and H), the time between division events, rather than budding events, was used for wild-type cells (D) and for mutant cells (H).
Figure 5 Dendrographs for typical cells. Example lineages of three wild-type cells (A) and three mutant cells (B), demonstrating the various proliferation patterns observed. Dendrographs from simulated wild-type and mutant cells are shown in (C and D), respectively, for comparison. In the figure, branch points occur at new budding events, for the experimental data, and at division events for simulations. Cell ID is an arbitrary identifier used for cell tracking.
Table 1 Statistical properties for cells growing on raffinose
Table 2 Changes to the parameters of the Chen-2004 model to increase the importance of Clb5
Table 3 Characteristic concentrations of the species used in the mathematical model