Genome-wide DNA methylation in neonates exposed to maternal depression, anxiety, or SSRI medication during pregnancy

Figures & data

Table 1.Characteristics of 58 Mother-Child Dyads from the Harvard Epigenetic Birth Cohort

	Exposed to non-medicated depression/anxiety (n = 13)	Exposed to SSRIs (n = 22)	Controls (n = 23)
Maternal age in years, mean (SD)	29.6 (7.0)	34.5 (4.1)	32.7 (6.0)
Race, n (%)
Black/Hispanic/Other	3 (23.1)	1 (4.5)	3 (13.0)
White	10 (76.9)	21 (95.5)	20 (87.0)
Family-level SES, n (%)
High	7 (53.9)	16 (72.7)	15 (65.2)
Low	4 (30.8)	5 (22.7)	6 (26.1)
Missing	2 (15.4)	1 (4.5)	2 (8.7%)
Smoking, n (%)	0 (0)	2 (9.1)	2 (8.7)
BMI, mean kg/m^2 (SD)	24.4 (5.4)	26.6 (5.5)	25.16 (2.9)
Neonate gender, n (%)
Female	7 (53.9)	9 (40.9)	10 (43.5)
Gestational age in weeks, mean (SD)	39.7 (0.9)	39.3 (0.9)	39.3 (1.0)
Birth weight, gm, mean (SD)	3785.9 (487.7)	3562.1 (423.2)	3654.6 (445.2)

BMI, body mass index (pre-pregnancy); SD, standard deviation; SES, socioeconomic status.

Table 2. Summary of site-by-site robust SE regressions

	Number of significant CpG sites (FDR-adjusted P < 0.05)	Number of significant CpG sites (FDR-adjusted P ≤ 0.1)
Non-medicated maternal depression/anxiety	10	42
Higher DNA methylation^A	2 (20%)	9 (21.4%)
Lower DNA methylation^A	8 (80%)	33 (78.6%)
SSRI Exposed	0	0
Higher DNA methylation^A	0	0
Lower DNA methylation^A	0	0

Regressions adjusted for age of the mother, body mass index (BMI), family SES, and chip. ^AHigher or lower DNA methylation is in reference to the control group.