Efficiency of Magnesium Use by Common Bean Varieties Regarding Yield, Physiological Components, and Nutritional Status of Plants

Abstract

The magnesium (Mg) use efficiency in the selection of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) varieties may contribute to increased nutritional status and grain yield. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess common bean varieties following the application of Mg regarding productivity (yield), soil fertility, physiological components, and nutritional status. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design in a 5 × 2 factorial scheme with three replicates. Five common bean varieties [BRS Estilo, IPR Tangará, IPR Campos Gerais (CG), IAPAR 81, and BRS Ametista] supplemented with two Mg concentrations [low (0 mg kg⁻¹) and high (100 mg kg⁻¹)] using magnesium chloride (MgCl₂) as a source in an Ustoxix Quatzipsamment were assessed. The yield of shoot dry weight (SDW) and grains varied significantly between varieties and Mg rates. The high Mg concentration has negatively affected the yield of SDW and grains of variety IPR Tangará, and the opposite was observed for the other varieties. The physiological components associated with photosynthesis are directly related to the yield of SDW and grains. The concentrations of phosphorus (P), calcium (Ca), sulfur (S), and boron (B) in leaves and of S, B, iron (Fe), and manganese (Mn) in grains differed among the varieties and interactions of rates and varieties for B, indicating the presence of genetic factors in nutrient uptake.

Keywords:

• Nutritional status
• Phaseolus vulgaris
• physiological components
• yield components
• yield of grains

Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful for the postgraduate course in agronomy of Estadual University of Londrina (UEL), to CAPES for the scholarship, and to the employees of Embrapa Soybean (CNPSO) for support to carry out the experiments and in soil and plant analyses.