Novel Low Profile Beam Switchable 5G Sub-6 GHz E-GSM Antenna for Vehicular Communication

ABSTRACT

A novel low-profile beam-switchable antenna operating in the Extended Global System for Mobile Communications band of 5G sub-6 GHz for vehicular communication is proposed in this paper. The proposed work has a centre patch that connects with four parasitic radiators and encompasses a tapered patch to R1, R2, R3 and R4 which are slotted loop rectangular patches. The main lobe switching is achieved for Extended GSM by switching between the states of PIN diode circuits, which affects the overall performance of the antenna. With the dimensions of 0.346 λ_e × 0.346 λ_e, the presented work exhibits a very-low-profile antenna, having an impedance bandwidth of 14.7% and a peak gain of 1.27 dBi. The proposed beam-switchable antenna incorporates four similar radiators facing different directions affixed to the central square patch director. Each PIN diode is incited eventually to obtain the same resonant frequency at each radiator. The pattern of the proposed antenna can be switched using different states of PIN diodes in the angles of 81°, 171°, 261° and 351°. The prototype is fabricated, and the measured results are in agreement with the simulated results. For the validation of the practicability of the proposed antenna, the far-field analysis is done on the vehicle.

KEYWORDS:

• 5G
• beam switching
• low-profile
• vehicular communication

Acknowledgements

This project is partially supported by AICTE Doctoral Fellowship and partially supported by the Department of Science and Technology (DST) under Indo-Sri Lanka cooperative research under Grant No.: DST/INT/SL/P-28.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).