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Original Articles

Administrative capacity or quality of political governance? EU Cohesion Policy in the new Europe, 2007–13

Pages 844-856 | Received 06 Nov 2015, Accepted 21 Sep 2016, Published online: 12 Dec 2016
 

ABSTRACT

Administrative capacity or quality of political governance? EU Cohesion Policy in the new Europe, 2007–13. Regional Studies. The enlargement towards Central and Eastern Europe offers new opportunities to examine the effectiveness of the European Union’s Cohesion Policy. This paper examines the management and implementation of Structural Funds in Bulgaria and Romania, two outlier but diverging cases, during 2007–13. Drawing on original empirical data, it argues that their variation in capacity and performance can be understood by examining how political factors influenced administrative capacity developments and the processes surrounding the absorption of funds. Taking stock of domestic political governance is essential as to explain the ability of new member states to manage European Union regional and Cohesion Policy.

摘要

行政能力或是政治治理的质量?新欧洲的欧盟凝聚政策,2007年至2013年。区域研究。欧盟向中欧与东欧的扩张,提供了崭新的机会,检视欧盟凝聚政策的效力。本文检视 2007年至2013年间,结构基金在保加利亚和罗马尼亚的管理与执行,而这两国是局外但分歧的案例。本文运用原始的经验数据,主张它们在能力与表现上的差异,能够透过检视政治因素如何影响行政能力发展以及围绕在基金吸收的过程加以理解。盘点国家内部的政治治理,是解释新的成员国管理欧盟区域及凝聚政策的能力之核心。

RÉSUMÉ

La capacité administrative ou la qualité de la gouvernance politique? La politique de l’Ue en faveur de la cohésion dans la nouvelle Europe de 2007 à 2013. Regional Studies. L’élargissement vers les pays de l’Europe centrale et orientale apporte de nouvelles possibilités d’examiner l’efficacité de la politique de l’Union européenne en faveur de la cohésion. Ce présent article cherche à examiner la gestion et l’affectation des Fonds structurels en Bulgarie et en Roumanie entre 2007 et 2013, deux études de cas à la fois extrêmes et divergents. Puisant dans des données empiriques originales, on affirme que la variation de leur capacité et de leur performance puisse s’expliquer en examinant comment les facteurs politiques influent sur l’évolution de la capacité administrative et sur les processus concernant l’absorption des fonds. Il faut remettre en question la gouvernance politique intérieure afin d’expliquer la capacité des nouveaux pays-membres de gérer la politique de l’Union européenne en faveur des régions et de la cohésion.

ZUSAMMENFASSUNG

Verwaltungskapazität oder Qualität der politischen Regierungsführung? EU-Kohäsionspolitik im neuen Europa, 2007–13. Regional Studies. Die Erweiterung nach Mittel- und Osteuropa bietet neue Chancen zur Bewertung der Wirksamkeit der Kohäsionspolitik der Europäischen Union. In diesem Beitrag werden die Verwaltung und Umsetzung der Strukturfonds in Bulgarien und Rumänien – zwei Sonderfälle mit unterschiedlichen Merkmalen – im Zeitraum von 2007 bis 2013 untersucht. Ausgehend von empirischen Originaldaten wird argumentiert, dass sich die Abweichungen bei der Kapazität und Leistung durch eine Untersuchung der Frage verstehen lassen, wie sich die politischen Faktoren auf die Entwicklungen bei der Verwaltungskapazität ausgewirkt haben und welche Prozesse es im Zusammenhang mit der Absorption der Fonds gibt. Eine Bestandsaufnahme im Bereich der innenpolitischen Regierungsführung ist unverzichtbar zur Erklärung der Fähigkeiten der neuen Mitgliedstaaten bei der Verwaltung der Regional- und Kohäsionspolitik der Europäischen Union.

RESUMEN

¿Capacidad administrativa o calidad de la gobernanza política? Política de cohesión de la UE en la nueva Europa, 2007–13. Regional Studies. La ampliación hacia Europa central y oriental brinda nuevas oportunidades para valorar la eficacia de la política de cohesión de la Unión Europea. En este artículo se analizan la gestión y aplicación entre 2007 y 2013 de los fondos estructurales en Bulgaria y Rumania, dos casos atípicos pero divergentes. A partir de datos empíricos originales, se argumenta que su variación en la capacidad y rendimiento puede entenderse analizando la cuestión de cómo los factores políticos tuvieron influencia en los desarrollos de la capacidad administrativa y los procesos en torno a la absorción de fondos. Evaluar la gobernanza política nacional es fundamental para poder explicar la capacidad de los nuevos Estados miembros de gestionar la política regional y de cohesión de la Unión Europea.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The author would like to thank Jeremy Leaman, Michael Smith, Martin Ferry and Cristian Niţoiu, as well as two anonymous reviewers for their valuable suggestions and comments. Moreover, he would like to express his gratitude to John Bachtler and the European Policies Research Centre (EPRC) team at the University of Strathclyde for the opportunity to present an earlier version of the paper, as a Visiting Researcher, in the framework of the European Policy Seminar Series (June 2015). Any errors remain the sole responsibility of the author.

DISCLOSURE STATEMENT

No potential conflict of interested was reported by the author.

SUPPLEMENTAL DATA

Supplemental data for this article can be accessed at https://doi.org10.1080/00343404.2016.1246798

Notes

1. For this article, data on Croatia were not included.

2. The questionnaire emulated the interview guide. No major inferences were drawn from it because respondents were not representative of the whole population studied.

3. By managing and control institutions this article refers to all central, regional and local institutions involved in the management and control of Operational Programme implementation. Managing Institutions are mainly central coordination units (CCU), managing authorities (MAs), intermediate bodies (IBs) (including regional development agencies), whilst the Certifying Authority (CA) and Audit Authority (AA) act as control institutions.

4. As compared with previous operationalizations, this article differentiates between elements of administrative capacity and those related to the policy cycle of the absorption of EU funds, namely: (1) programming; (2) management; (3) project preparation and selection; (4) implementation; (5) financial management; (6) monitoring and reporting; and (7) evaluation (Bachtler et al., Citation2013; EIPA, Citation2008). Arguably, this allows for a more flexible approach to assess empirically the effects that administrative and political factors can have on the formal delivery systems for EU Cohesion Policy in member states.

Additional information

Funding

Empirical data were collected with support from a research grant awarded by The Ratiu Family Charitable Foundation (see http://www.ratiufamilyfoundation.com).

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