Biodegradable polyphosphazene – hydroxyapatite composites for bone tissue engineering

Abstract

The venture to fabricate potential and functional bone regeneration, annihilating the health complexities in conventional bone grafting, made Bone tissue engineering (BTE), which facilitates meticulous control of the spatial and temporal dissemination of cells and extracellular matrix (ECM), receive incredible consideration in the past few years. Ascribable to their exceptional properties, polymers have gotten significant attention as one of the prominent classes of biomaterials for BTE. The compatible mechanical properties, biocompatibility, bioactivity, and biodegradability of polyphosphazene/hydroxyapatite composite made them candidates for functional bone regeneration. This review demonstrates the synthesis, properties, and application of polyphosphazenes, hydroxyapatite, and composite biomaterial for BTE.

Graphical Abstract

Keywords:

• Biodegradability
• bone tissue engineering (BTE)
• polyphosphazene
• polyphosphazene-hydroxyapatite composite

Acknowledgment

The authors are thankful to Dr. C. P. Ramanarayanan, Vice-Chancellor of Defence Institute of Advanced Technology (DIAT - DU), Pune, for the motivation and support. The second author would like to acknowledge Dr. B. Srinivasalu, Principal Director & Head, CIPET: Institute of Plastic Technology (IPT), Kochi, for the support. The authors would like to thank Mr. Prakash Gore, Miss. Niranjana J P, Dr. Amrutha Nighojkar, and Mr. Jigar K Patadiya, for their unwavering technical support throughout the review writing. The authors are thankful to the editor and anonymous reviewers who have helped in improving the quality of the manuscript.