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Abstract
SO2 emissions from various sources are found to occur in various concentrations and quantities. Abatement of SO2 emission, therefore, assumes significant importance over the decades. Wet scrubbers offer great advantage over other devices for gas cleaning. That is the reason that compliance with SO2 standards will in many cases result in the installation of scrubbing devices. This article presents results of a study on the scrubbing of SO2 (initial concentration ranging between 400 and 1780 ppm) in a tapered bubble column scrubber using water and dilute sodium alkali. Preliminary studies reveal that the tapered bubble column is capable of generating higher fractional gas holdup than a standard bubble column under similar situations. Moreover, the tapered bubble column has generated bubbles with less power consumption than the existing columns under comparable hydrodynamical conditions. Experimental results indicate that almost 100% SO2 removal (i.e., zero penetration) can be achieved in the scrubber developed in alkali scrubbing at an optimum QL/QG ratio of 3.0 m3/1000 ACM. The selection of any gas-cleaning device is based on the performance of the system. In view of this, empirical and semi-empirical correlations are put forward for the prediction of the performance of the scrubber in terms of different pertinent variables of the system for water as well as alkali scrubbing. Experimental results fit extremely well with the correlations. The removal efficiency achievable in the present tapered bubble column scrubber has been found to be higher than that of a single-stage standard bubble column with some modification. The present tapered bubble column is, therefore, hydrodynamically, energetically, and efficiency-wise much better than a standard bubble column.