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Abstract
Background: The Postgraduate Hospital Educational Environment Measure (PHEEM) is a highly reliable and valid instrument to measure the educational environment during post graduate medical training. This review extends earlier reports by evaluating the extant adoption of PHEEM in various international clinical training sites, and its significant correlations in order to expand our understanding on the use of PHEEM and facilitate future applications and research.
Method: A systematic literature review was conducted on all articles between 2005 and October 2015 that adopted and reported data using the PHEEM.
Results: Overall 30 studies were included, encompassing data from 14 countries internationally. Notable differences in the PHEEM scores were found between different levels of training, disciplines, and clinical training sites. Common strengths and weaknesses in learning environments were observed and there were significant correlations between PHEEM scores and In-Training Exam (ITE) performance (positive correlation) and level of burnout (negative correlation), respectively.
Conclusions: PHEEM is widely adopted in different learning settings, and is a useful tool to identify the strengths and weaknesses of an educational environment. Future research can examine other correlates of PHEEM and longitudinal changes in interventional studies.
Glossary
Postgraduate Hospital Educational Environment Measure (PHEEM): A highly reliable and valid instrument to measure the educational environment during post graduate medical training (Roff et al. Citation2005).
Grounded theory: Refers to a set of systematic inductive methods for conducting qualitative research aimed toward theory development (Martin PY, Turner BA. 1986. Grounded theory and organizational research. J Appl Behav Sci. 22:141).
Disclosure statement
The authors report no declarations of interest.
Notes on contributors
Christopher Yi Wen Chan, MBBS, MMed (Psychiatry), is a Senior Resident within the NHG National Psychiatry Residency Program and a Registrar in the Department of General Psychiatry, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore.
Min Yi Sum, BA (Hons) is a research officer in the Research Division of the Institute of Mental Health, Singapore.
Wee Shiong Lim, MBBS, MRCP (UK), MMed (Int Med), MSc HPE (MGH IHP), FAMS, AGSF, is Senior Consultant at the Department of Geriatric Medicine, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, and Faculty Advisor, Health Outcomes and Medical Education Research (HOMER) unit, National Healthcare Group, Singapore.
Nicholas Wuen Ming Chew, MBBS, MMed (Psychiatry), MSc HPE (MGH IHP), Grad Dip (Psychotherapy), FAMS, is the Chief Education Officer at National Healthcare Group and Designated Institutional Official of the NHG-AHPL Residency, Singapore.
Dujeepa D. Samarasekera, MBBS, MHPE, is the Director at the Centre for Medical Education (CenMED), National University of Singapore, Singapore.
Kang Sim, MBBS (Melb), MMed (Psychiatry), Grad Dip (Psychotherapy, Distinction), MSc HPE (MGH IHP), FAMS, is the Program Director for the NHG National Psychiatry Residency Program and a Senior Consultant at the Department of General Psychiatry, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore.