Use of cationic p[2-(acryloyloxy)ethyl] trimethylammonium chloride in hydrogel synthesis and adsorption of methyl orange with jeffamine based crosslinker

Abstract

In this study, a noncommercial polyetheric-structured jeffamine-based crosslinker was used by being synthesized in the synthesis of a hydrogel of a cationic-structured p[2-(acryloyloxy)ethyl] trimethylammonium chloride p(AETAC). The hydrogels containing crosslinkers with five various percentages (0.1, 0.25, 0.75, 1) were synthesized and were aimed to be used as an adsorption material. For the applications, a 1% crosslinked hydrogel (GEL 5) was utilized for the adsorption of a mono-azo chemically structured anionic characterized methyl orange (C₁₄H₁₄N₃NaO₃S) (MO) colorant. The structure of the jeffamine-based crosslinker was inspired by FT-IR, ¹H-NMR, ¹³C-NMR, and LC-MS analysis, while the hydrogel structure characterization was elucidated by FT-IR spectroscopy. The morphological structure of the hydrogel was examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), SEM-EDX, and elemental mapping methods. Concurrently, the mechanical resistance of GEL 5 was tested, and its swelling behavior was examined in different media and pH values. GEL 5, considered decent adsorbent material owing to its structural qualifications, was used in the toxic MO dye adsorption process. In adsorption studies, the maximum qe value of the GEL 5 hydrogel was 547.34 ± 40.00 mg/g in 1000 mg/L MO dye solution. Furthermore, desorption studies have shown that it has reusability, which is a crucial factor in adsorbent selection.

Graphic Abstract

Keywords:

• Jeffamine
• glycidyl methacrylate
• 2-(acryloyloxy)ethyl trimethylammonium chloride
• hydrogel
• adsorption
• methyl orange

Author contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by Zeynep Güngör. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Zeynep Güngör, Hava Ozay commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Consent to participate

Not applicable

Consent to publish

Not applicable

Competing ınterests

The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.

Ethical approval

Not applicable.

Data availability

The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

Additional information

Funding

This study is derived from a part of Zeynep Güngör's doctoral thesis. Zeynep Güngör, supported by the 100/2000 PhD Scholarship Program, would like to thank the Turkish Higher Education Institution (YÖK) for its contributions.