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ABSTRACT
Pillar-layered metal-organic frameworks (PL-MOFs) are advanced crystalline porous substances built using metal ions, oxygen- and nitrogen-donor linkers. The pillar-layered strategy emerged as a very effective way to incorporate the Schiff base functionalities into pore cages of MOFs by using N-donor Schiff base pillar ligands. The Schiff base functionalities provide active sites for enhanced performance in sensing, catalysis, adsorption, extraction, and gas separation areas. Although the PL-MOFs have gained remarkable advances in the last few decades, Schiff base PL-MOFs have been reviewed to a lesser extent up to this point. In this way, a review summing up their performance is profoundly expected. This review covered the recent developments connected with Schiff base PL-MOFs, including synthesis and applicability in various potential fields. It also included the challenges and forthcoming pathways for fulfilling the research and development needs of Schiff base PL-MOFs.
ABSTRACT
Acknowledgments
The authors are thankful to the Chemistry Department, Punjabi University, Patiala, for providing lab and instrument facilities. One of the authors, Manpreet Kaur, is highly obliged to the UGC, New Delhi, India, for UGC-SRF fellowship and AKM is thankful to UGC, New Delhi for award of a mid-career award grant.
Disclosure statement
No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.
Abbreviations
| CR | = | Congo Red |
| DL | = | Detection limit |
| DBP | = | Di-n-butyl phthalate |
| DEHP | = | Di-2-(ethylhexyl) phthalate |
| DOA | = | Dioctyladipate |
| FRET | = | Fluorescence resonance energy transfer |
| GC-FID | = | Gas chromatography with flame ionization detector |
| HPLC-UV | = | High-performance liquid chromatography–ultraviolet detection |
| ICP-OES | = | Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry |
| LBL | = | Layer-by-layer |
| MSPE | = | Magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) |
| MB | = | Methylene blue |
| MO | = | Methyl orange |
| MV | = | Methyl violet |
| NR | = | Neutral Red |
| 4-NA | = | 4-nitro aniline |
| NACs | = | Nitroaromatic compounds |
| OPPs | = | Organophosphorous pesticides |
| PL-MOFs | = | Pillar-layered Metal-Organic Frameworks |
| PET | = | Photo-induced electron transfer |
| PAHs | = | Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons |
| Rh B | = | Rhodamine B |
| SALE | = | Solvent assisted linker exchange |
| TNP | = | 2,4,6-trinitrophenol |
| TOF | = | Turn over frequency |
| L1 | = | 4,4’-methylenebis(3-hydroxy-2-naphthalene-carboxylic acid |
| L2 | = | 1,4-bis(4-pyridyl)-2,3-diaza-2,3-butadiene |
| L3 | = | 1,4-benzene-dicarboxylic acid |
| L4 | = | 2,5-bis(4-pyridyl)-3,4-diaza-2,4-hexadiene |
| H2L5 | = | 4,4’-oxybisbenzoic acid |
| H2L6 | = | 2-aminoterephthalic acid |
| L7 | = | (E)-N’-(pyridine-4-ylmethylene)isonicotinohydrazide |
| H2L8 | = | Isophthalic acid |
| L9 | = | 3-pyridylcarboxaldehyde nicotinoylhydrazone |
| L10 | = | 4-(2-hydroxy-3-methoxy-benzyli-denehydrazino-carbonyl)-N-pyridin-4-yl-benzamide |
| L11 | = | N4,N4’-bis(pyridine-4-ylmethylene)-biphenyl-4,4’-diamine |
| L12 | = | N,N’-(naphthalene-1,5-diyl)bis(1-(pyridin-4-yl)methanimine |
| L13 | = | N,N’-(1,4-phenylene)bis(1-(pyridin-4-yl)methanimine |
| H2L14 | = | 4,4’-(carbonylbis(azanediyl))dibenzoic acid |
| H2L15 | = | 4,4’(hexafluoroisopropylidene)bis(benzoic acid |
| H2L16 | = | 1,3-adamantanediacetic acid |
| H2L17 | = | trans, trans-muconate dianion |
| H2L18 | = | 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid |
| L19 | = | 5-hydroxyisophathalic acid |
| H3L20 | = | benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid |
| L21 | = | 1,2,4,5-benzenetetracarboxylic acid |
| L22 | = | 4,4′-sulfonyldibenzoic acid |
| L23 | = | 4-carboxycinnamic acid |
| L24 | = | 2-nitroterephthalic acid |
Supplementary material
Supplemental data for this article can be accessed online at https://doi.org/10.1080/02603594.2022.2142216