The titanium structure after a thermoplastic compression at elevated temperatures

Abstract

In the biomedicine, titanium with the refined grain is of great demand. The microstructure of the Grade 2 titanium samples was produced by the plastic forming at elevated temperatures and with different strain rates. Sellers–Tegartt equation was applied to verify that plastic forming stresses required to achieve the desired structure. Microstructure was observed with scanning electron and transmission electron microscopes. To characterise the elements of the structure, the electron backscatter diffraction was used. Grains were fragmented mostly with a twinning mechanism. Observations of strain–stress graphs obtained during the deformation indicate that the equilibrium between flow stress and loaded strain was achieved after the processes of dynamic polygonisation and/or recrystallisation.

KEYWORDS:

• Mechanical state equations
• titanium substructure
• grain size
• grain boundaries
• polygonisation
• recrystallisation

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

ORCID

Jakub Bańczerowski http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5749-5495