Water-soluble Pillar[5]arene-based drug candidates for lung and breast cancer

Abstract

The objective of research was to examine the likely anticancer effectiveness of distinct pillar[5] arene derivatives, ws-penta-P[5] and ws-deca-P[5], on breast and lung cancer cell lines in vitro. To achieve this goal, breast cancer (MCF7) cells, lung cancer (A549) cells, healthy cells (HEK293) were utilized. The IC₅₀ dose of ws-penta-P[5] and ws-deca-P[5] was determined using the MTT method. Both treatment (pillar[5] arene applied) and control (pillar[5] arene not applied) groups were established for all three cell lines. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to evaluate changes in gene expression following pillar[5] arene treatment. Flow cytometry analysis was used to determine apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. The treatment group and control group results were compared after the study. The results revealed that in both cell lines treated with ws-deca-P[5], proapoptotic gene expressions were upregulated, while antiapoptotic gene expressions and caspase activation gene expressions were down-regulated. The flow cytometry apoptosis and cell cycle analysis in treatment group compared to the control, it was observed that the apoptosis rate increased in the ws-deca-P[5] and ws-deca-P[5] were shown to cause G0/G1 phase arrest in both cell groups. Results from our study that pillar[5] arene derivatives had the potential for treating breast and lung cancer, and more research is required in this area.

Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma

Keywords:

• Lung cancer
• breast cancer
• Pillar[5]arene
• apoptosis

Author contributions

T.D. carried out apoptosis experiments. M.A.K. and S.K. carried out the anticancer activity. A.N.K. has synthesized the compounds. M.O. carried out the characterization. All authors contributed to the writing of the main article.

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Ethical statement

Not applicable. The study was performed on commercially available cell lines, not on living organisms.

Informed consent

For this type of study, formal consent is not required.

Disclosure statement

The authors have no conflict of interest.

Additional information

Funding

The study is supported by Necmettin Erbakan University (Project Number: 221218015).