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Original Articles

The influence of organizational task environment and firm size on top-executive compensation contracts

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Pages 21-42 | Received 02 Nov 2017, Accepted 30 Jan 2018, Published online: 06 Mar 2018
 

Abstract

This paper offers a fresh perspective on executive compensation by offering a new paradigm for choosing executive compensation structure based on environmental factors and firm size. This new perspective uses agency theory as a theoretical foundation. The availability of information, primarily information related to the agent, has typically been of utmost concern in the compensation selection process. However, a predominant focus on cognitive or behavioral information of the agent neglects the relative importance and impact of environmental forces in this process. This study evaluates the composition of the compensation contract using fluctuating environmental dimensions as the primary determinant. Specifically, we examine environmental munificence, dynamism, and complexity and the influence of varying levels of each of these variables and their interaction on the optimal choice of compensation contract utilized for both large firms and small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). This externally focused view of compensation contract creation underscores the significance of environmental factors in determining contract selection while also acknowledging the necessity of principals utilizing information related to both the agent and the environment. Furthermore, we argue that top executive compensation structures for large organizations and non-adaptive SMEs should differ from those of adaptive SMEs.

Cet article offre une nouvelle perspective sur la rémunération des cadres en proposant un nouveau paradigme concernant le choix de la structure de cette rémunération, basé sur des facteurs environnementaux et la taille de l'entreprise. Cette nouvelle perspective se donne pour fondement théorique la théorie de l'agence. La disponibilité de l'information – principalement relative à l'agent – a, d'une manière générale, fait l'objet d'une préoccupation majeure dans le processus du choix de la rémunération. Cependant, la focalisation prédominante sur l'information cognitive ou comportementale de l'agent met de côté l'importance relative et l'impact des forces environnementales dans ce processus. Cette étude évalue la composition du contrat de rémunération en utilisant les dimensions environnementales fluctuantes en tant que déterminant principal. Nous examinons plus précisément la munificence, le dynamisme et la complexité environnementaux, et l'influence des niveaux changeants de chacune de ces variables, ainsi que leur interaction autour du choix optimal du contrat de rémunération existant à la fois dans les grandes entreprises et dans les PME. Cette perspective externe sur l’élaboration du contrat de rémunération souligne l'importance des facteurs environnementaux dans la détermination du choix du contrat, tout en reconnaissant la nécessité de l'utilisation par les dirigeants de l'information relative à la fois à l'agent et à l'environnement. De plus, nous soutenons que les structures de rémunération des cadres supérieurs au sein des grandes organisations et des PME non-adaptatives doivent être distinctes de celles des PME adaptatives.

Additional information

Notes on contributors

Justin Davis

John H. Batchelor is an assistant professor in the Department of Management at the University of West Florida. Dr. Batchelor's current research interests include entrepreneurship, leadership methods, organizational behavior and ethics, motivation, and opportunity recognition.

John H. Batchelor

Justin L. Davis is an associate professor in the Department of Management at the University of West Florida. Dr. Davis’ current research interests include status anxiety, entrepreneurial orientation, venture capitalist investment determinants, international business entry mode choices, and non-profit entrepreneurial behavior.

Patrick Kreiser

Patrick Kreiser is an associate professor in the Department of Management at Iowa State University. Dr. Kreiser's current research interests include entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial orientation, entrepreneurial learning, entrepreneurial strategy, corporate entrepreneurship, and networks and social capital.

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