Pain in children: A review of the literature from a developmental perspective

Abstract

This article presents a review of the current psychological literature about pediatric pain. Prevalence and types of pain problems encountered in children are considered briefly, followed by a developmental perspective on the experience of pain in children, encompassing physical, cognitive, social and behavioral factors. A discussion of the clinical significance of pain in children includes its use in differential diagnosis and the impact of pain on a developing child. Recommendations are made for assessing pain and factors relevant to managing its effects in children. The review concludes with an overview of clinical techniques for management, and recommendations for future research.

Key Words:

• Pain
• children
• development
• pain assessment
• pain management