https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1159-4855
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Abstract
This meta-analysis was performed to investigate whether calcium supplements and dairy products change obesity indices including fat mass. Original articles published in English between July 2009 and August 2019 were identified. Ten and 14 randomised controlled trials (RCTs) with ≥ 12 weeks interventions of calcium supplements and dairy products among overweight or obese adults aged ≥18 were critically reviewed. Mean difference (MD) or standardised mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were obtained using a random effect meta-analysis. Dairy products significantly changed fat mass (SMD, 95% CI; −0.40 [−0.77, −0.02]) and BMI (MD, 95% CI: −0.46 kg/m2 [−0.67, −0.26]), and calcium supplements also showed changes in fat mass (SMD, 95% CI; −0.15[−0.28, −0.02]). However, in the analysis of RCTs with low risk of bias scores, the significant changes remained only in the dairy-products intervention. Our findings suggest that dairy products without distinction of fat percentage may help reduce fat mass and BMI, but calcium supplements may not.
Disclosure statement
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.
Author contributions
JY Hong was responsible for designing the review protocol, writing the protocol and report, conducting the search, screening potentially eligible studies, extracting and analysing data, interpreting results, updating reference lists, and creating tables. MK Kim was responsible for designing the review protocol and screening potentially eligible studies and contributed to writing the report, interpreting results, creating tables, and providing feedback on the report. HY Woo contributed to writing the report, arbitrating potentially eligible studies, extracting and analysing data, interpreting results, and providing feedback on the report. JS Lee contributed to screening potentially eligible studies and data extraction. AS Om and CK Kwock provided feedback on the report.