Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Arabic version of the upper extremity functional index

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to translate and cross-culturally adapt the UEFI into Modern Standard Arabic language and to examine its psychometric properties among patients with upper extremity musculoskeletal disorders.

Materials and Methods

Translation and cross-cultural adaptation were done following Beaton’s guidelines. Internal consistency, test-retest reliability, measurement error and floor and ceiling effects for the Arabic UEFI were tested among 109 patients with upper extremity musculoskeletal disorders. Construct validity of the Arabic UEFI was also examined.

Results

Translation and cross-cultural adaptation processes were generally smooth with no major issues. The Arabic UEFI was considered appropriate and comprehensible by the participants. Internal consistency for Arabic UEFI was adequate (Cronbach's alpha = 0.96). Test-retest reliability for Arabic UEFI was excellent with ICC_2,1=0.92. Measurement error was acceptable with a standard error of measurement of 5.5 and minimal detectable change of 12.8 points. Arabic UEFI shows no floor or ceiling effects. The results supported the majority of the construct validity predefined hypotheses (78%) supporting the construct validity of Arabic UEFI as a measure of upper extremity function.

Conclusion

The Arabic UEFI is an appropriate, valid and reliable outcome measure for Arabic-speaking patients with upper extremity musculoskeletal disorders.

Implication for Rehabilitation:

• The Arabic UEFI is an acceptable, clear and comprehensible outcome measure.

• The Arabic UEFI has excellent internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and acceptable measurement error with no floor and ceiling effects.

• The Arabic UEFI is a valid measure of upper extremity activity limitation.

Keywords:

• Reliability
• validity
• psychometric properties
• upper extremity
• upper extremity disorder
• upper extremity functional index

Acknowledgments

The authors express a great appreciation to the expert committee members and participants for being part of this study.

Disclosure statement

The authors report’s no conflict of interest.