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Abstract
The present study focuses on problem areas in EU member states and Poland that are identified on the basis of criteria laid down in the assumptions of the EU regional policy. The analysis makes it possible to compare the spatial distributions of the problem areas and to assess the relevance of the statistical criteria employed to delineate them. Also presented is the new model of regional policy to be implemented in Poland in the period of its integration with the European Union.
Notes
In recognition of the importance of future regional policy in the enlarged Union, the European Commission has started to hold consultations which are supposed to result in a project embracing objectives, tasks and rules of a new regional policy of the Community in the years 2007–2013. Its foundations are laid down in the First and Second Progress Reports on Economic and Social Cohesion (2002, 2003) and other studies, e.g., Weise et al. (Citation2001), Jouen (Citation2001), or The Financing of EU Structural Policy … (2002).
See the website http://europa.eu.int/comm/regional_policy/sources/docoffic/official/deci_en.htm.(data accessed)
Council Regulation No. 1260/1999.
The criteria include: a mean unemployment rate from the last three years higher than the EU average, the proportion of industrial employment equal to or higher than the EU average in all the years since 1985, and a drop in industrial employment since 1985.
These are two out of four criteria: a population density of under 100 persons per km2 or the proportion of agricultural employment equal to or higher than double the EU average in each year since 1985; and a mean unemployment rate higher than the EU average during the last three years or a drop in the population since 1985.
An exception is low-density regions of Finland.
For example, these are areas neighbouring on Objective 1 or Objective 2 industrial or agricultural areas.
In accordance with the rules, The National Programme for the Adoption of the Acquis undergoes an annual evaluation and correction (National Programme … 1998; Interim Report … 2001).
Poland closed the negotiations on 13 December 2002.
After Poland has joined the European Union, this document will provide a basis for negotiating a Community Support Framework (CSF) for our country. Poland completed negotiating its National Development Plan for the years 2004–2006 on 31 July 2003, which opened the formal way for the negotiation of the CSF.
The government and voivodeship governments concluded Voivodeship Contracts on 19 and 22 June 2001.
A detailed analysis of the provisions of the Act can be found, e.g. in Rudnicki (Citation2000) and Grosse (Citation2000).
The Council of Ministers Ordinance of 23 October 2001 on the Blocking of Some Expenses in the 2001 State Budget (Law Gazette no. 125/2001, position 1373) and the Council of Ministers Ordinance of 29 December 2001 changing the former ordinance (Law Gazette no. 154/2001, position 1807).
Report on the implementation of Voivodeship Contracts in the year 2001. The Ministry of the Economy, April 2002.
The exchange rate on 3 January 2004 was 4.70 zlotys to the Euro.
Among the things struck from the Assistance Programme were investments carried out by individual Ministries as well as means at the disposal of the voivodes designed to help finance the investments and investment purchases of local government units.
Even today it is estimated that the Polish budget is going to be about EUR 1 billion short to make full use of means from the Structural Funds granted Poland until the end of 2006 (EUROPAP, 18 July 2003, http://www.europap.pl).
For example, an Increase in Economic Competitiveness Sectoral Operational Programme, a Human Resources Development Sectoral Operational Programme, or a Regional Development Integrated Operational Programme.
The Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics, introduced in Poland in 2000, embraces five levels: NTS 1 - the entire country, NTS 2 - 16 voivodeships, NTS 3 - 44 subregions, NTS 4 - 373 poviats, and NTS 5 - 2,489 communes (cf. Law Gazette no. 58/2000, position 685).
In accordance with the rules of EU regional policy, areas receiving support under one objective are not eligible for support under any other objective.