Accessibility to services of general interest in polycentric urban system planning: the case of Portugal

ABSTRACT

Today, major planning agendas in Europe steer the future of territorial organization towards an urban polycentric perspective. The accessibility to services of general interest (SGI), a significant source of spatial inequality in Europe, is one of the key challenges to address. However, instruments needed to support the implementation and monitoring of territorial policy measures regarding the distribution of, and accessibility to SGI are still under-developed. Studies generally relate to the (intra)regional and not the national scale. When they do so, they lose local specificity as they often consider the existence/availability of services at a given scale and not the actual capacity to reach their (often just estimated) location through the transport network. In the context of the revision of Portugal’s National Plan for Territorial Planning Policies, this paper presents a comprehensive multi-criteria location-based approach for measuring the factual accessibility to a representative range of SGI at the national Portuguese scale. Results are evaluated considering the dichotomy between centrality and periphery, high and low density, and the regional disparities found. High accessibility values do not necessarily mean greater territorial cohesion. Contributions to the development of national planning policies that respond to cohesion challenges are also debated.

KEYWORDS:

• Accessibility
• services of general interest
• urban systems
• polycentrism
• territorial cohesion
• social cohesion

Acknowledgements

The contribution and support of the Centre of Studies on Geography and Spatial Planning (CEGOT) of the University of Porto for facilitating this research is gratefully acknowledged. We also like to thank the two anonymous reviewers for their insightful comments that helped us improve the final form of this paper.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Additional information

Funding

This research, as part of CEGOT, was partially supported by the European Regional Development Fund, through the COMPETE 2020 – Operational Programme ‘Competitiveness and Internationalization’, under Grant POCI-01-0145-FEDER-006891; and by National Funds through the Portuguese Science and Technology Foundation (FCT) under Grant UID/GEO/04084/2013.