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Abstract
In the first decade of the 21st Century the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) has begun the process of ‘Transformation’. NATO determined to pursue military transformation because of the evident changes in the strategic environment and recognition of the growing military capabilities and concepts gap between the US and the rest of NATO. NATO Transformation has at its core three main strands: expeditionary capabilities; NATO's Network Enabled Capability (NNEC); and Effects Based Approach to Operations (EBAO). NATO's member states have since late 2002 started the process of transforming their military forces, but the progress of their individual efforts has been uneven, resulting in military capabilities and conceptual gaps beginning to emerge within Europe. This article examines these issues before turning to explore the challenges and opportunities NATO Transformation poses for France as it rejoins the Alliance's integrated military structure.
Notes
1. The other ongoing NATO military operations are its Kosovo Force (KFOR), Operation Active Endeavour (the monitoring of the Mediterranean Sea), Operation Ocean Shield (counter-piracy off the Horn of Africa), its Training Mission in Iraq (NTM-I) and the provision of support to African Union peacekeeping efforts in Somalia (NATO has ended support for AU peacekeeping in Sudan).
2. There is a further component of NATO military transformation, namely the efforts to revamp the alliance's command structure so as to make it leaner and more efficient, thereby providing the capacity to generate and support expeditionary operations.