The Changing Dynamics of Language Use and Language Attitudes in Tanzania

ABSTRACT

The use of and attitudes towards the languages of Tanzania have always been closely related to language policies, the most recent policy having been issued in 2014. However, most studies on language attitudes are relatively dated (e.g. Schmied 1990). In light of policy changes and the results of earlier studies, this article aims to shed light on current language use and attitudes among Tanzanians, especially towards English. The results of a questionnaire study show positive attitudes towards English, which is no longer perceived as a language of the elites only. Further, a change in English use, including not only by the “middle generation” but increasingly younger speakers, could be observed. The study hence illustrates that in multilingual African countries, language use and attitudes continually need to be re-assessed against policy changes.

Keywords:

• language attitudes
• language use
• language policies
• Tanzania
• English