Publication Cover
Numerical Heat Transfer, Part A: Applications
An International Journal of Computation and Methodology
Volume 73, 2018 - Issue 5
930
Views
3
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Heat transfer modeling of a novel battery thermal management system

, &
Pages 277-290 | Received 20 Oct 2017, Accepted 31 Jan 2018, Published online: 01 Mar 2018
 

ABSTRACT

A battery cooling system is proposed for future carbon-free ammonia-based hybrid electric vehicles. In the proposed design, aluminum cold plates with tubes that are filled with liquid ammonia are placed between the batteries in the battery pack. The ammonia evaporates while cooling the plate, which then cools the batteries in the pack. The generated ammonia vapor passes to the vehicle electrical generator where it is used to produce electrical energy for driving the vehicle or charging the batteries. The proposed system was able to perform better than mini-channel liquid cooling systems, air cooling systems, and direct contact boiling systems.

Nomenclature

a=

specific interfacial area (m2 m−3)

bLi=

concentration of lithium ions in solid (mol dm−3)

bs=

salt concentration (mol dm−3)

bt=

maximum salt concentration (mol dm−3)

bi=

concentration of salt at layer i (mol dm−3)

cp=

specific heat capacity (kJ kg−1 K−1)

Ds=

salt diffusion coefficient (cm2 s−1)

DLi=

lithium diffusion coefficient in solid electrode (cm2 s−1)

E=

specific energy (Wh kg−1)

F=

Faraday constant (96,485 C mol−1)

f=

conductive filler

g=

gravitational acceleration (9.81 m s−2)

I=

electrical current (A)

i2=

superficial current density in solution phase (mA cm−2)

L=

Length (m)

n=

number of electrons

=

thermal energy rate (W)

Rs=

radius of positive electrode (m)

t=

time (s)

T=

temperature (°C or K)

Voc=

open circuit voltage (V)

V=

operating voltage of the battery (V)

ΔS=

change in entropy

ρ=

mass density (kg m−3)

υ=

velocity (m s−1)

=

volume fraction

φ=

electrical potential (V)

η=

electrode potential (V)

σ=

solid matrix electronic conductivity (S cm−1)

Subscripts=
b=

battery

gen=

generation

i=

layer in lithium ion battery

J=

Joule heat

+=

positive electrode

1=

solid phase of electrode

2=

solution phase of electrode

Abbreviations=
EV=

electrical vehicle

HEV=

hybrid electrical vehicle

PCM=

phase change material

Nomenclature

a=

specific interfacial area (m2 m−3)

bLi=

concentration of lithium ions in solid (mol dm−3)

bs=

salt concentration (mol dm−3)

bt=

maximum salt concentration (mol dm−3)

bi=

concentration of salt at layer i (mol dm−3)

cp=

specific heat capacity (kJ kg−1 K−1)

Ds=

salt diffusion coefficient (cm2 s−1)

DLi=

lithium diffusion coefficient in solid electrode (cm2 s−1)

E=

specific energy (Wh kg−1)

F=

Faraday constant (96,485 C mol−1)

f=

conductive filler

g=

gravitational acceleration (9.81 m s−2)

I=

electrical current (A)

i2=

superficial current density in solution phase (mA cm−2)

L=

Length (m)

n=

number of electrons

=

thermal energy rate (W)

Rs=

radius of positive electrode (m)

t=

time (s)

T=

temperature (°C or K)

Voc=

open circuit voltage (V)

V=

operating voltage of the battery (V)

ΔS=

change in entropy

ρ=

mass density (kg m−3)

υ=

velocity (m s−1)

=

volume fraction

φ=

electrical potential (V)

η=

electrode potential (V)

σ=

solid matrix electronic conductivity (S cm−1)

Subscripts=
b=

battery

gen=

generation

i=

layer in lithium ion battery

J=

Joule heat

+=

positive electrode

1=

solid phase of electrode

2=

solution phase of electrode

Abbreviations=
EV=

electrical vehicle

HEV=

hybrid electrical vehicle

PCM=

phase change material

Acknowledgment

The authors acknowledge the support provided by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada.

Log in via your institution

Log in to Taylor & Francis Online

PDF download + Online access

  • 48 hours access to article PDF & online version
  • Article PDF can be downloaded
  • Article PDF can be printed
USD 61.00 Add to cart

Issue Purchase

  • 30 days online access to complete issue
  • Article PDFs can be downloaded
  • Article PDFs can be printed
USD 716.00 Add to cart

* Local tax will be added as applicable

Related Research

People also read lists articles that other readers of this article have read.

Recommended articles lists articles that we recommend and is powered by our AI driven recommendation engine.

Cited by lists all citing articles based on Crossref citations.
Articles with the Crossref icon will open in a new tab.