Regression analysis of MHD conjugate natural convection of ferrofluid filled within a porous annular enclosure with inner heat generating solid cylinder using response surface methodology

Abstract

Utilizing response surface methodology, this work gives a thorough numerical evaluation of ferrofluid’s conjugate magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) natural convective flow within a porous annular chamber. The system is made up of an inner solid cylinder that generates heat and is subjected to an external magnetic field, which causes Joule heating effects. To explain the conservation equations for momentum and energy, the research uses a finite element method and systematically changes important parameters. By adjusting these factors, we may study how changes affect thermal performance, flow patterns, and the Nusselt number. The findings show a complex interplay between magnetohydrodynamics, Joule heating, and the effects of porous media, offering important clues for improving thermal management and energy efficiency in state-of-the-art MHD systems. Incorporating a response surface methodology (RSM) is a significant innovation in this work. Results reveal that the increment in the thermal conductivity of the solid wall upsurges the fluid velocity and the rate of convective heat transfer. There is a significant difference in the value of the local Nusselt number as the values of the thermal conductivity of the solid wall increase. Adding nanoparticles to the dusty fluid makes the flow stronger, but also improves heat transmission significantly.

Keywords:

• Laws of heat transfer
• MHD
• natural convection
• nusselt number
• response surface methodology

Disclosure statement

The authors declared no conflict of interest.

Data availability statement

No Data is associated with the manuscript.

Additional information

Funding

The authors extend their appreciation to the Deanship of Research and Graduate Studies at King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia for funding this work through Small Research Project under grant number RGP.1/141/45.