Metabolic impact of 100% fruit juice consumption on antioxidant/oxidant status and lipid profiles of adults: An Evidence-Based review

ABSTRACT

One hundred percent fruit juice (FJ) contains bioactive compounds with antioxidant activity. As such, this fruit form has the potential to improve antioxidant status and mediate outcomes influenced by redox status. A systematic review of the literature published between 1995 and 2013 was conducted using PubMed database to evaluate associations between intake of 100% FJ and markers of antioxidant/oxidant status and blood lipid levels in healthy, free-living adults ≥18 years. Data extraction and analysis was conducted according to the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Evidence Analysis Process. Limited evidence from ten clinical trials meeting inclusion/exclusion criteria suggests potential improvements in a variety of antioxidant or oxidants biomarkers postconsumption of 100% FJ. Weak evidence from five studies suggests that one or more blood lipid measures may be positively influenced by consumption of 100% FJ. Heterogeneity in study methodology including biomarkers, 100% FJ type, dosage, and intervention duration precludes the ability to make evidence-based recommendations regarding a specific dose-duration-juice effect. Key characteristics in study designs were identified which must either be controlled or statistically adjusted for in future investigations in order to obtain a more accurate understanding of the complex relationship between metabolic outcomes and consumption of 100% FJ in context of a healthy dietary pattern.

KEYWORDS:

• 100% fruit juice
• cholesterol
• oxidative stress
• antioxidant status
• lipids
• adults
• Evidence Analysis Library
• functional foods

Conflict of interest

The following authors reported potential conflicts of interest pertaining to this review:

•	Carol O'Neil participates in a working group that has received current and past funding from Juice Products Association.
•	Paula Ziegler based on employment at the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics
•	Taylor Wolfram based on employment at the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics

Acknowledgments

The authors would like to acknowledge the following individuals who served on this EAL Project, yet did not serve as authors of this manuscript: Dianne Hyson, PhD, MSc, RD; Lorraine Matthews, MS, RD, LDN; Tami Piemonte, MS, RD; Kari Kren, MPH, RDN, LDN; Jamie Erskine, PhD, RD; Diane DellaValle, PhD, RDN; Sharon Foley, PhD, RD/LDN; Michelle Lee, PhD, RD, LD; and Kyle Thompson, MS, RD, CNSC.

Funding disclosure

•	Pepsico, Inc.
•	Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics

Pepsico, Inc. was a financial contributor to the Dietary and Metabolic Impact of 100% Fruit Juice Consumption Evidence Analysis Project. In accordance with the Academy's Evidence Analysis Library policy, external funders have no bearing on the project's workgroup members, search strategy, outcomes, and/or any evidence analysis process.

CE O'Neil received partial support from the USDA Hatch Project LAB 94209.