Hybrid biodegradable materials from starch and hydrocolloid: fabrication, properties and applications of starch-hydrocolloid film, gel and bead

Abstract

The potential for utilizing starch and hydrocolloids as sustainable biomaterials has garnered significant attention among researchers. The biodegradability and functional properties of composite films, gels, and beads, as well as their environmental friendliness, make them attractive options for a variety of applications. However, the hydrophilicity, brittleness, and regeneration limitations of starch materials can be addressed through the incorporation of non-starch hydrocolloids. This article summarizes the formation mechanisms and interactions of starch-hydrocolloid films, gels, and gel beads, evaluates the factors that affect their structural and functional properties, and presents an overview of the progress made in their physicochemical and functional applications. The structure of starch-hydrocolloid composites is primarily formed through hydrogen bond interactions, and the source, proportion, and preparation conditions of the components are critical factors that affect the properties of the biomaterials. Starch-hydrocolloid films are primarily used for extending the shelf life of food products and detecting food freshness. Starch-hydrocolloid gels are utilized as adsorption materials, wound dressings, and flexible sensors, and starch-hydrocolloid beads are primarily employed for the controlled release of bioactive substances. It is clear that starch-hydrocolloid composites have the potential to develop novel advanced materials for various applications in the food, biological, and materials industries.

Graphical Abstract

Keywords:

• Starch
• hydrocolloid
• film
• hydrogel
• gel bead

Authors’ contributions

Conceptualization, Chun-yan Su and Yong Wang; Methodology, Chun-yan Su and Tong Xia; Writing-Original Draft, Chun-yan Su; Writing-Review & Editing, Chun-yan Su, Dong Li, and Yong Wang; Funding Acquisition, Dong Li and Li-jun Wang; Supervision, Dong Li and Li-jun Wang.

Disclosure statement

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest.

Additional information

Funding

This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (22278421).