Dress me an outfit: advanced probiotics hybrid systems for intelligent IBD therapy

Abstract

Inflammation bowel disease (IBD) has emerged as a public health challenge worldwide; with high incidence and rapid prevalence, it has troubled billions of people and further induced multitudinous systemic complications. Recent decade has witnessed the vigorous application of food-borne probiotics for IBD therapy; however, the complicated and changeable environments of digestive tract have forced probiotics to face multiple in vivo pressures, consequently causing unsatisfied prophylactic or therapeutic efficacy attributed to off-targeted arrival, damaged viability, insufficient colonization efficiency, etc. Fortunately, arisen hybrid technology has provided versatile breakthroughs for the targeted transplantation of probiotics. By ingeniously modifying probiotics to form probiotics hybrid systems (PHS), the biological behaviors of probiotics in vivo could be mediated, the interactions between probiotics with intestinal components can be facilitated, and diverse advanced probiotic-based therapies for IBD challenge can be developed, which attribute to the intelligent response to microenvironment of PHS, and intelligent design of PHS for multiple functions combination. In this review, various PHS were categorized and their intestinal behaviors were elucidated systematically, their therapeutic effects and intrinsic mechanism were further analyzed. Besides, shortages of present PHS and the corresponding solutions have been discussed, based on which the future perspectives of this field have also been proposed. The undeniable fact is that PHS show an incomparable future to bring the next generation of advanced food science.

Graphic Abstract

SCHEMATIC ILLUSTRATION

Dressing probiotics with versatile outfits would impart them with extended functions, including elevated targeted efficiency to the nidi, controlled in situ release, enhance intestinal colonization, comprehensive microecology regulation, and so on. In this article, we systematically analyzed and categorized PHS for intelligent IBD therapy published in recent decade, and discussed their pros and cons to further raise the future orientation for PHS development.

Keywords:

• Probiotics
• inflammatory bowel disease
• probiotic hybrid system
• treatment

Disclosure statement

No potential competing interest was reported by the authors.

Additional information

Funding

This work is supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province (LQ24C20004), General Program-Education Department of Zhejiang Province (Y202353087), the Youth Talent Lifting Project of Zhejiang Province, the Key Project of Zhejiang Gongshang University "Digital+" Discipline Construction (SZJ2022A006) and the "Sannongjiufang" Research Joint Project of Zhejiang Province (2023SNJF017).