Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for therapy-related myeloid neoplasms following treatment of a lymphoid malignancy

Abstract

Advances in lymphoma treatment lead to increasing numbers of long-term survivors. Thus, secondary therapy-related myeloid neoplasms (t-MN) gain clinical relevance. We analyzed 38 t-MN patients receiving an allogeneic stem cell transplantation (SCT) after successful cytotoxic treatment of Hodgkin lymphoma (n = 9), non-Hodgkin lymphoma (n = 24), and multiple myeloma (n = 5), who had developed t-AML (n = 20) or t-MDS (n = 18). Overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival at 3 years after allogeneic SCT were 43% and 39%. The cumulative incidences of relapse and non-relapse mortality (NRM) at 3 years were 19% and 42%. More than one therapy line for the lymphoid malignancy resulted in a significantly higher NRM rate and inferior 3-year-OS. Our data indicate that allogeneic SCT for patients with t-MN after treatment of a lymphoid malignancy leads to OS rates comparable to patients transplanted for de novo MN. Multiple lines of lymphoma therapy increase NRM and lead to inferior survival after allogeneic SCT.

Keywords:

• Clinical results
• transplant toxicity
• myeloid leukemias and dysplasias
• lymphoma and Hodgkin disease

Disclosure statement

The authors report no conflict of interest.

Author contributions

DVW and MS designed the study and performed statistical analyses. CS and NS contributed to data analysis. DVW collected patient data. DVW, KW, J-HM and MS wrote the paper. All authors interpreted the data, critically revised the manuscript and agreed to submit the manuscript for publication.