Augmented reality worksheets in field trip learning

ABSTRACT

Worksheets are often used during field trips and utilize a learning cycle with three stages (exploration, concept introduction and concept application) to engage learners in the learning activities of observation and exploration. However, traditional paper worksheets do not provide multimedia and interactive presentations with physical objects, which made learners losing interaction with the physical context during field trips and failing to implement all the stages completely. This study designed an augmented reality worksheet with a three-stage learning cycle and applied it to learning about plants, specifically assisting learners in observing and classifying plants. A pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design was used to show the effect of learning when learners used augmented reality worksheets. Lag sequence analysis was used to identify learning behavioral patterns. The findings indicate that the learning effect of using augmented reality worksheets is much better than that of paper worksheets and improves the learners’ interaction with plants.

KEYWORDS:

• Augmented reality
• worksheets
• guided discovery learning
• field trips
• learning cycle

Acknowledgements

The work was supported by the National Science Council (Grant Nos. NSC-105-2511-S-003-015-MY3 and NSC-104-2511-S-003-022 -MY3) and the Institute for Research Excellence in Learning Sciences of National Taiwan Normal University (NTNU) from The Featured Areas Research Center Program within the framework of the Higher Education Sprout Project by the Ministry of Education in Taiwan.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by National Science Council: [Grant Number NSC-104-2511-S-003-022 -MY3,NSC-105-2511-S-003-015-MY3].

Notes on contributors

Jia Zhang

Jia Zhang is a Ph.D. Candidate in Graduate Institute of ICE, National Taiwan Normal University, and also a visiting scholar at the Human–Computer Interaction (HCI) Institute at Carnegie Mellon University. His research interests span most aspects of Augmented Reality. The recent emphasis is using adaptive learning to enhance the augmented reality application effect of education.

Yu-Ting Huang

Yu-Ting Huang is a Master student in Graduate Institute of ICE, National Taiwan Normal University

Tzu-Chien Liu

Tzu-Chien Liu is now the professor of the Educational Psychology and Counseling, National Taiwan Normal University (NTNU). His research interests mainly focus on mobile learning and ubiquitous learning, instruction and learning sciences, the cognitive base of technology application, innovative technology for education, interactive learning and assessment.

Yao-Ting Sung

Yao-Ting Sung is now the professor of the Educational Psychology and Counseling, National Taiwan Normal University (NTNU).

Kuo-En Chang

Kuo-En Chang holds a Master and Doctor of electrical engineering from National Taiwan University in 1986 and 1990. Since 1987, he joined the faculty of Graduate Institute of Information and Computer Education, National Taiwan Normal University (NTNU), Taipei, Taiwan. He is currently a Chair Professor in School of Learning Sciences, National Taiwan Normal University. His research interests deal largely with design of interactive learning, AR-based instructional system, and game-based learning.