A simple model of smart learning environment

ABSTRACT

In this article, smart learning environment (SLE) is defined as a hybrid learning system that provides learners and other stakeholders with a joyful learning process while achieving learning outcomes as a result of the employed intelligent tools and techniques. From literature study, existing SLE models and frameworks are difficult to understand and to use as guidance, both for implementation and maturity measurement. This research proposes a simple model of SLE as a guideline that is easy to understand and to be used for developing learning environments that support effective, efficient, and engaging learning processes. The proposed model adopted the intelligent tutoring system architecture as a foundation. The components of the model were generated by mapping of 12 existing SLE models, frameworks, and best practices. Model formation and validation followed the system dynamics (SD) modeling process. In addition, indirect model validation process was also performed by interviewing educational technology practitioners and experts, based on assessment results of two newly developed SLE instances. For measuring maturity of existing SLE instances, this research also derived SLE maturity model. It is concluded that the simple model is usable for easy understanding, for establishing new SLE instances, and also for assessing the maturity level of existing SLE instances.

KEYWORDS:

• Smart learning environment
• SLE maturity model
• SLE establishment guideline
• smart technology
• digital learning environment
• intelligent tutoring system

Acknowledgements

This work is jointly supported by Ministry of Education, Culture, Research and Technology under the grants of MIT-Indonesia Research Alliance (MIRA/IMPACT), the PTNBH Research Program managed by Bandung Institute of Technology, and Indonesia Endowment Fund for Education (LPDP).

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Additional information

Funding

This work is jointly supported by Ministry of Education, Culture, Research and Technology under the grants of MIT-Indonesia Research Alliance (MIRA/IMPACT), the PTNBH Research Program managed by Bandung Institute of Technology, and Indonesia Endowment Fund for Education (LPDP).

Notes on contributors

Yusep Rosmansyah

Yusep Rosmansyah received the bachelor’s degree in electrical engineering from Bandung Institute of Technology, Indonesia, in 1993. He further received both the M.Sc. (1996) and Ph.D. (2003) degrees from University of Surrey, U.K. He has been a researcher and an associate professor at the School of Electrical Engineering and Informatics, Bandung Institute of Technology, Indonesia. His areas of interest in research include multimedia, educational technology, and cyber security.

Budi Laksono Putro

Budi Laksono Putro received the bachelor’s degree in computer science from University of Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia, in 2002 and the master’s degree in Information Technology from the School of Electrical Engineering and Informatics (SEEI), Bandung Institute of Tehcnology (ITB), Indonesia in 2010. He is currently pursuing a doctoral degree at the SEEI ITB. He works in Indonesia University of Education at the Computer Science Education field. He is currently a member of Services Computing Research Group (SCRG), STEI, ITB. His research interests include mobile learning technologies, service computing, software engineering, and information systems.

Atina Putri

Atina Putri received the bachelor’s degree in informatics engineering from Telkom University, Indonesia, in 2015, and a master’s degree in informatics engineering from Bandung Institute of Technology (ITB), Indonesia, in 2019. She is currently employed at ITB as an academic assistant and researcher. Her areas of interest in research include educational technology, serious games, and virtual reality.

Nur Budi Utomo

Nur Budi Utomo received the bachelor’s degree in informatics engineering from Indonesia Computer University, Bandung, Indonesia in 2014. He is currently an assistant researcher at the EduTex Research Group in ITB. His areas of interest in research include virtual reality, educational games, and learning management system.

Suhardi

Suhardi received the bachelor’s degree in electrical engineering from Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung, Indonesia, in 1988, the master’s degree in management from Parahyangan Catholic University, Bandung, Indonesia, in 2012, and the Doctor of Engineering degree in telecommunication engineering from the Technical University of Berlin, Germany, in 1997. He is currently a professor with the School of Electrical Engineering and Informatics (SEEI), ITB. He is the head of Services Computing Research Group (SCRG), SEEI, ITB. His areas of interest in research include service computing, IT value and risk, service systems engineering, information and social networks, information governance and management, and internet society and law.