Sulfonate-bridged semi-biopolyamide for Pb(II) electrochemical probing and dye adsorption

Abstract

With the continuous development of modern industry, environmental problems accompanied by heavy metal Pb(II) and organic dyes become increasingly apparent, and the development of associated detection/removal materials has important practical significance thus. In this work, a novel biomass (diphenolic acid and furfurylamine)-based, polyamide-sulfonate cross-linked polymer (PA-df-OBSC) was successfully constructed. Further characterization of PA-df-OBSC indicated that the chemical structure of PA-df-OBSC consists of multiple N/O/S-containing molecular fragments as amide, tertiary amine, carboxylic acid, sulfonate ester and sulfonate acid. Such structural characteristic endows PA-df-OBSC dual functional application prospect. PA-df-OBSC can be applied as an enrichment-type Pb(II) electrochemical probe due to its specific complexation for Pb(II). The modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) with PA-df-OBSC as active modifier presented a wide detection range (0.1–30 μmol/L) and low detection limit (1.31 × 10⁻⁸ M) for Pb(II). Besides, PA-df-OBSC also showed selective adsorption for cationic dye methylene blue (MB), with the maximum adsorption capacity up to 521.72 mg/g.

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

Keywords:

• Benzoxazine-isocyanide chemistry
• sulfonate
• polyamide
• Pb(II) electrochemical probe
• methylene blue adsorption

Authors’ Contributions

Rui Yang: Investigation, Writing – original draft. Lei Tang: Validation, Supervision.Baiyang Sun: Investigation, Validation. Chunping Wu: Investigation, Validation. Yuanqiang Zhu: Software. Zhengfeng Xie: Supervision. Wei Shi: Conceptualization, Writing – review & editing, Supervision, Project administration, Funding acquisition.

Disclosure statement

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Data availability

The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author, [Shi], upon reasonable request.

Additional information

Funding

Authors greatly appreciate the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Project No. 21774103).