The antibiofilm potential of a heteropolysaccharide produced and characterized from the isolated marine bacterium Glutamicibacter nicotianae BPM30

Abstract

Biofilms are the significant causes of 80% of chronic infections in the oral cavity, urinary tract, biliary tube, lungs, gastrointestinal tract, and so on to the general public. Treatment of pathogenic biofilm using bacterial exopolysaccharides (EPS) is an effective and promising strategy. In the present work, a marine bacterium was isolated, studied for exopolysaccharide production, and tested for its antibiofilm activity. Approximately 1.31 ± 0.07 g/L of a purified extracellular polysaccharide was produced and characterized from the isolated marine bacterium Glutamicibacter nicotianae BPM30. The hydrolyzed EPS contains multiple monosaccharides such as rhamnose, fructose, glucose, and galactose. The EPS demonstrated potential antibiofilm activity on four tested pathogens in a concentration-dependent mode. The antibiofilm activity of the purified EPS was studied by crystal violet assay and fluorescence staining method. Comparative inhibition results obtained for the tested strains are 93.25% ± 5.25 and 88.56% ± 2.25 for K. pneumoniae; 92.65% ± 7.6 and 98.33% ± 0.85 for P. aeruginosa; 90.36% ± 6.3 and 52.08% ± 7.74 for S. typhi; 84.62% ± 5.6 and 77.90% ± 5.90 for S. dysenteriae. The results of the present work demonstrated the antibiofilm potential of EPS, which could be helpful in the invention of novel curative approaches in battling bacterial biofilm-related medical complications.

Keywords:

• Antibiofilm activity
• biofilm
• crystal violet assay
• exopolysaccharides
• fluorescent staining
• FTIR
• HPLC
• marine bacterium
• NMR
• pathogen

Acknowledgements

Trilokesh. C and Harish BS gratefully acknowledge SASTRA Deemed University, India for teaching assistantship.

Author contributions

KBU conceived the idea and designed the experiments. TC performed all the experiments. TC, HBS, and KBU analyzed the data, wrote and edited the manuscript. All authors read and approved the manuscript.

Data availability statement

All relevant data are within this manuscript and its supplementary file.

Code availability

Software used: MS Word 2007 for manuscript typing, Image J for images of live and dead bacterial biofilm, MEGA 7 for phylogenetic tree construction, origin pro 8, and Graph pad prism 5 for graph construction.

Additional information

Funding

The author(s) reported there is no funding associated with the work featured in this article.