Erratum

This article refers to:

Comparison of hospital length of stay and hospitalization costs among patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation treated with apixaban or warfarin: An early view

Xie L, Vo L, Keshishian A, et al. Comparison of hospital length of stay and hospitalization costs among patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation treated with apixaban or warfarin: An early view. J Med Econ 2016;8:769-76

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3111/13696998.2016.1171774

When the article was first published online there were errors in the data presented in Table 2 and 3. The correct tables are presented below.

Table 2. Baseline characteristics of hospitalized NVAF patients treated with apixaban and warfarin after 1:1 PSM.

	Apixaban		Warfarin		Std difference
	(n = 2886)		(n = 2886)
	n/Mean	%/SD	n/Mean	%/SD
Age	73.3	11.6	73.3	11.4	0.00
18–64	614	21.3%	589	20.4%	0.02
65–74	808	28.0%	823	28.5%	0.01
75+	1464	50.7%	1474	51.1%	0.01
Gender
Male	1454	50.4%	1494	51.8%	0.03
Female	1432	49.6%	1392	48.2%	0.03
Race
White	2415	83.7%	2421	83.9%	0.01
Black	149	5.2%	145	5.0%	0.01
Other	322	11.2%	320	11.1%	0.00
Insurance Coverage
Managed	503	17.4%	495	17.2%	0.01
Government	2300	79.7%	2308	80.0%	0.01
Indigent/Charity	10	0.3%	12	0.4%	0.01
Other	73	2.5%	71	2.5%	0.00
Admission Type
Emergency	2000	69.3%	2014	69.8%	0.01
Urgent	377	13.1%	364	12.6%	0.01
Elective	479	16.6%	477	16.5%	0.00
Trauma center	9	0.3%	11	0.4%	0.01
Unknown	21	0.7%	20	0.7%	0.00
Discharge Type
Discharged	2835	98.2%	2821	97.7%	0.03
Expired	43	1.5%	46	1.6%	0.01
Other	8	0.3%	19	0.7%	0.06
Hospital characteristics
Region
Northeast	397	13.8%	407	14.1%	0.01
Midwest	738	25.6%	738	25.6%	0.00
South	1547	53.6%	1553	53.8%	0.00
West	204	7.1%	188	6.5%	0.02
Population served
Urban	2318	80.3%	2342	81.2%	0.02
Rural	568	19.7%	544	18.8%	0.02
Hospital setting
Teaching	1134	39.3%	1133	39.3%	0.00
Non-teaching	1752	60.7%	1753	60.7%	0.00
Hospital bed size
<100	155	5.4%	148	5.1%	0.01
100–199	350	12.1%	354	12.3%	0.00
200–299	569	19.7%	559	19.4%	0.01
300–499	980	34.0%	958	33.2%	0.02
>500	832	28.8%	867	30.0%	0.03
Any hospitalization 12 months	370	12.8%	361	12.5%	0.01
prior to index hospitalization
Baseline Comorbidity
Deyo-Charlson Comorbidity	2.1	2.0	2.2	2.0	0.03
Index score
CHADS2 score	2.4	1.4	2.4	1.3	0.01
0 = low risk	151	5.2%	167	5.8%	0.02
1 = moderate risk	585	20.3%	541	18.7%	0.04
2 = high risk	887	30.7%	882	30.6%	0.00
<2 = high risk	1263	43.8%	1296	44.9%	0.02
CHADS2-VASc score	4.0	1.8	4.0	1.7	0.00
0 = low risk	61	2.1%	70	2.4%	0.02
1 = moderate risk	194	6.7%	180	6.2%	0.02
2 = high risk	335	11.6%	320	11.1%	0.02
<2 = high risk	2296	79.6%	2316	80.2%	0.02
HAS-BLED Score	3.1	1.2	3.1	1.2	0.02
Congestive Heart Failure	1064	36.9%	1081	37.5%	0.01
Diabetes Mellitus	942	32.6%	946	32.8%	0.00
Hypertension	2373	82.2%	2376	82.3%	0.00
Ischemic Stroke	294	10.2%	285	9.9%	0.01
Transient Ischemic Attack	79	2.7%	57	2.0%	0.05
Stroke	594	20.6%	565	19.6%	0.03
Vascular Disease	1209	41.9%	1220	42.3%	0.01
Renal Insufficiency	829	28.7%	846	29.3%	0.01
Venous Thromboembolism	24	0.8%	28	1.0%	0.01
Acute Coronary Syndrome	241	8.4%	261	9.0%	0.02
Drug and Alcohol Use	407	14.1%	400	13.9%	0.01
Chronic Kidney Disease	582	20.2%	601	20.8%	0.02
Chronic Obstructive	649	22.5%	665	23.0%	0.01
Pulmonary Disease
Anemia	646	22.4%	654	22.7%	0.01
Hemodialysis	16	0.6%	17	0.6%	0.00
Thrombocytopenia	132	4.6%	146	5.1%	0.02

CHADS₂, congestive heart failure, hypertension, age >75 years, diabetes mellitus, prior stroke or transient ischemic attack or thromboembolism; CHADS₂-VASc, CHADS₂ plus vascular disease, age 65–74 years, sex category; HAS-BLED, hyper-tension, abnormal renal and liver function, stroke, bleeding, labile International Normalized Ratios, elderly age (>65 years), drug therapy and alcohol intake; NVAF: non-valvular atrial fibrillation; PSM: propensity score matching; SD: stand-ard deviation; Std. Difference: standardized difference.

Table 3. Outcomes of hospitalized NVAF patients treated with apixaban and warfarin after 1:1 PSM.

	Apixaban (n = 2886)		Warfarin (n = 2886)		p-value
	n/Mean	%/SD	n/Mean	%/SD
Index Hospitalization Length of Stay
Hospital Length of Stay (in days)	5.1	5.7	5.5	4.8	0.002
Median	3.0		4.0
0–2	939	32.5%	712	24.7%	<0.001
3–7	1444	50.0%	1582	54.8%	<0.001
8–14	360	12.5%	448	15.5%	0.001
15–30	128	4.4%	130	4.5%	0.899
>30	15	0.5%	14	0.5%	0.848
Hospital LOS from point of apixaban or warfarin administration to discharge	4.5	5.5	4.7	4.6	0.051
Index Hospitalization Health Care Costs	$11,262	$14,048	$12,883	$15,702	<0.001
Hospital Length of Stay (in days)
0–2	$5033	$5400	$5797	$6189	0.041
3–7	$9554	$9255	$10,179	$7176	<0.001
8–14	$21,008	$13, 610	$22,386	$13,424	0.004
15–30	$39,381	$18, 574	$42,764	$34,660	0.505
>30	$91,774	$49, 843	$97,273	$69,917	0.981
CHADS2 Score
0–1 (low-to-moderate risk)	$9855	$11,275	$12,713	$14,996	0.004
>2 (high-risk)	$11,744	$14,850	$12,938	$15,927	0.006
All-cause re-admission
Patients with 30 days of follow-up	2839	98.4%	2831	98.1%	0.424
Re-admission within 30 days	291	10.3%	306	10.8%	0.493

NVAF: non-valvular atrial fibrillation; PSM: propensity score matching; SD: standard deviation; CHADS₂: congestive heart failure, hypertension, age >75 years, diabetes mellitus, prior stroke or transient ischemic attack or thromboembolism.