Does the climacteric influence the prevalence, incidence and type of urinary incontinence?

Abstract

Divergent opinions have been reported in the literature regarding the influence of the climacteric on the prevalence, incidence and types of urinary incontinence. In addition, the influence of hormonal therapy in the climacteric (HRT) on the occurrence of urinary incontinence in the perimenopausal period has been the subject of much discussion. This review evaluates the current literature regarding any possible association between the climacteric and the prevalence, incidence and types of urinary incontinence as well as illustrating the possible influence of HRT on urinary incontinence. Urinary incontinence is more common in women than in men and there is evidence to suggest that the prevalence of urinary incontinence in women increases in a linear fashion with age. There is no conclusive evidence to support a specific increase in the prevalence of urinary incontinence at the time of the menopause. Stress urinary incontinence is more common in premenopausal women and urgency urinary incontinence and mixed incontinence are more common in postmenopausal women. Women receiving systemic estrogen, with or without progestogen, are more likely to develop or experience worsening of incontinence

摘要

关于更年期对尿失禁患病率、发病率和类型的影响, 文献中有不同的观点。此外, 更年期激素治疗（HRT）对围绝经期尿失禁发生的影响一直是许多讨论的主题。本综述评估了当前关于更年期与尿失禁的患病率、发病率和类型之间可能存在关联的文献, 并说明了 HRT 对尿失禁的可能影响。尿失禁在女性中比在男性中更常见, 并且有证据表明女性尿失禁的患病率随着年龄的增长呈线性增加。没有确凿的证据支持绝经时尿失禁患病率明确增加。压力性尿失禁多见于围绝经期妇女, 急迫性尿失禁和混合性尿失禁多见于绝经后妇女。接受全身性雌激素（含或不含孕激素）的女性更容易发生或加重尿失禁。

Keywords:

• Urinary incontinence
• climacteric
• prevalence
• incidence
• epidemiology

Potential conflict of interest

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Source of funding

Nil.